Interventions

A universal grammar of acting in the world

by Franco Amicucci

 Adobe Stock

3' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

3' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

When it comes to work in Italia, the dominant verb is 'find'. To find a place, to find a company, to find someone to hire. It is such a deep-rooted cultural reflex that it runs through every stage of life: from school, where alternance implicitly directs students to imagine themselves as employees, to pathways for the unemployed, built almost exclusively to accompany them towards employment. Even when we recount the flight of young talent abroad, the narrative remains the same: they leave to find work.

Yet a key piece is missing from this narrative. It does not speak of entrepreneurship as a concrete, accessible, coachable option. It does not educate to generate work, only to seek it. It does not cultivate the idea that talent can become enterprise, that a skill can be transformed into shared value, into employment for oneself and others, into impact for the community.

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The paradox is jarring: we are a country that thrives on small businesses, craftsmanship, manufacturing districts, more than four million active companies. Yet the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor has been certifying for years that Italia is below the European average for entrepreneurial intention in young people, not for lack of talent, but for lack of representation. If you don't see it as a normal path, you don't choose it. The education system, instead of correcting this blind spot, continues to produce aspiring employees, not aspiring job builders.

Behind the word entrepreneur, however, lies a plurality of paths that simplification flattens. Some become entrepreneurs by vocation, some by family inheritance - research shows that the best successors spend at least five years outside the company before re-entering it - some by necessity, the most common path in crises and the least well-equipped, some by ambition to scale a market, some by adaptive response to the territory. Five paths, five distinct training needs. A system that does not recognise any of them.

However, there is a deeper misunderstanding to be overcome: entrepreneurial skills are not only needed by those who will open a company. They are needed to become autonomous citizens, whatever one's role may be. Everyone, in adult life, is called upon to manage limited resources, to make decisions under conditions of uncertainty, to enhance one's skills, to build relationships of trust. Entrepreneurial thinking is a citizenship competence. In this sense, educating for entrepreneurship means equipping everyone with a universal grammar to act in the world with awareness.

Europe has already built this grammar. In 2016, the European Commission developed EntreComp, the European Entrepreneurial Competence Framework: fifteen competences in three areas, Ideas and Opportunities, Resources, In Action, on eight levels of progression. It is not a manual for aspiring startuppers: EntreComp is one of the eight key competences for lifelong learning for every European citizen, on a par with digital competence. Managing uncertainty, identifying opportunities, planning with limited resources, communicating value: skills useful to the civil servant who proposes an innovation, the teacher who redesigns his course, the worker who reinvents himself at fifty. Italia implemented this in 2018 with a ministerial circular and a Syllabus for secondary schools. Then the silence: projects stop, teachers are not trained, the territory is left alone.

That it works, when really applied, is demonstrated by Junior Achievement Italia: over 500,000 training experiences in 2025 alone, in over 5,000 schools in total since 2002 and about 500 a year. Research with the University of Bergamo shows that its students outperform their peers by 14.4% in entrepreneurial skills. The data are there. The road is mapped out.

Italy's paradox is therefore twofold: we do not train future entrepreneurs, nor do we train future employees to think entrepreneurially. We produce executors in both cases. It is not a problem of resources. It is a problem of vision and willingness to use tools that already exist, instead of waiting for someone to reinvent them out of talent, desperation or family chance.

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