Manufacture

Ceramics, crisis slows thanks to growth in the US market

Turnover down 6.7% in the first quarter of 2024 but a 13.1% drop in 2023. During the meeting the appointment of the new chairman of Confindustria Ceramica, Augusto Ciarrocchi. Confindustria chairman Emanuele Orsini in attendance

by Ilaria Vesentini

4' min read

4' min read

Confindustria Ceramica is celebrating its 60th anniversary and the annual general meeting held yesterday in Sassuolo was an opportunity not only to present the economic situation and prospects but also to retrace and celebrate six decades of history that have transformed the countryside and families of the district between Modena and Reggio Emilia into the world's most competitive industrial hub for tile production and innovation. With a spasmodic focus, today as in 1984, on reconciling corporate development, social wellbeing and environmental quality, because home and factory here have always been one and the same.

60th birthday party at Teatro Carani

And it was Sassuolo's Carani theatre, reopened three months ago after being closed for ten years, that hosted the celebrations and the presence of a citizen of honour such as Emanuele Orsini, the new president of national Confindustria, born in Sassuolo, who, after attending the private meeting of ceramic industrialists, took the stage at the Carani and spoke of "dialogue, identity, unity", the three key words that will characterise his mandate. The 60 candles were also the occasion for the official presentation of the docufilm 'Ceramics of Italy. Un viaggio nella sostenibilità' (Ceramics of Italy. A journey into sustainability) by director Esmeralda Calabria, just awarded in Rome as 'Best Enterprise Film', a short film on the value of the people and the family community behind the global success of Made in Italy ceramics.

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Ciarrocchi at the head of Confindustria Ceramica

And while for the first time a Sassuolo-born Doc goes down to Rome to lead the Italian industry, the first non-emiliano-Romagnolo president of Confindustria Ceramica is coming up from Lazio: Augusto Ciarrocchi, who comes from the sanitaryware district of Civita Castellana, in the Viterbo area, was elected yesterday to lead the association for the next two years. And he takes the baton from Giovanni Savorani, who yesterday - in his last press conference after six years of a mandate ravaged by pandemics, wars, energy crisis and floods - took stock of the sector's figures.

Da sinistra il presidente di Confindustria Ceramica, Augusto Ciarrocchi; il presidente di Confindustria Emanuele Orsini (al centro) e la conduttrice della serata Monica Maggioni

Trend and Prospects in the Italian Ceramic Industry

The year 2023 closed with a turnover of €7.6 billion - €6.2 billion of which in tiles alone - and a drop of 13.1% on the previous year, but the Italian ceramic industry is now slowing its fall, thanks to the dynamism of the American market, and is looking more optimistically to Europe, amidst interest rate cuts and new governance in Brussels.

In the first three months of 2024, exports to the United States increased by 18.5% in volume and 12.8% in value and mitigated the drop in sales in Italy (-7.4%), bringing the overall trend in turnover in the first quarter of the year to -6.7%. A negative sign that is less frightening than the double-digit drops faced by ceramic entrepreneurs in 2023 (sales -17.8% in square metres, turnover -14.1%, production -13.3). "Last year's decidedly negative indicators mark the return from the flare-up in demand recorded in 2022, but there is one figure in clear counter-trend that confirms the health and competitive capacity of our sector, even when volumes are reduced: investments," emphasises Savorani. In fact, investments have also increased by 7.4% in 2023 and reached 474 million euro, equal to a 7.7% share of the total turnover (6.2 billion euro for tiles, of which 5 billion euro for exports).

The Knots to Competitiveness: Energy, India and ETS

"Coming from the Lazio ceramic sanitaryware district, a small sector with 26 companies, 2,560 employees and 3 million pieces of production (350 million euro turnover, 40% export) that has suffered greatly from competition in recent decades," says new president Ciarrocchi, "I am certainly not worried about the prospects of the Sassuolo district. Here there are companies and entrepreneurs with a vision decidedly out of the ordinary and an extraordinary competitive capacity'.

There are, however, several obstacles in the way of the 125 Italian tile manufacturers and their 18,400 employees (out of a total of 252 companies and over 26,200 employees in the six sectors represented by Confindustria Ceramica, including tiles, sanitaryware, tableware, refractories, bricks and tiles and technical ceramics) and the highest hurdle is certainly not the renewal of the union contract, the subject of heated disputes in recent weeks. 'In an international context characterised by low demand and fierce competition, it is necessary for everyone to respect the rules of Fair Trade,' Savorani intervenes. 'The focus is on India, which is growing exponentially in the EU and US markets. While in the United States, a few days ago, the competent authorities declared anti-dumping duties on Indian imports admissible at rates ranging from 400% to 800%, in Europe we have duties of less than 10%, which are completely insufficient to stem the flows from India'.

Just as a heavy burden on the competitiveness of a sector that exports more than 80% of its volumes continues to be the cost of energy, the highest in Europe (without bothering Asia), with the mockery of a gas release decree that was supposed to free up 2 billion cubic metres of national gas that has not been implemented for years. "And the ETS mechanism is dramatic, on which I hope the future members of the EU Parliament and Commission will intervene," concludes Savorani, recalling that the ceramic companies included in the European emissions system are 10% of the sites involved but emit less than 1% of CO2. We are penalised with an under-allocation of quotas because the cogeneration plants in which we have invested to be more efficient and green are not considered; we do not access the compensatory measures against the risk of delocalisation recognised instead for other sectors; and we have been excluded from the Transition 5.0 Plan as ETS subjects, an error that fortunately the draft decree finalised with Mimit and Mef should rectify".

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