Alternative finance

Crowdinvesting in Italy lags behind

According to the PoliMi Observatory, flows and platforms have decreased over the past year, with only the small minibond segment and real estate holding up

4' min read

4' min read

Crowdinvesting in Italy collapsed, especially for the equity segment (-25.5%), minibonds were saved (+34.5%), which are however a small part, while the real estate segment held up (+7.2%). In fact, after last year's slight drop (-1%), there was a new market contraction: EUR 302.35 million raised in one year, -5.3% compared to the previous 12 months.

The cumulative value since crowdinvesting has existed in Italy is now 1.3 billion (excluding platforms that collect mainly not from the Internet and those that lend to individuals). The number of platforms is shrinking sharply (from 66 to 33), in many cases due to the new European authorisation process that few have completed, even though Italy ranks second in Europe after France (56).

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Crowdinvesting Observatory of the School of Management of PoliMI

These are some of the findings of the ninth report on Crowdinvesting, produced by the Observatory of the School of Management of the Politecnico di Milano, which took a snapshot of the sector in the last year to 30 June 2024. "There are two reasons for the drop in funding," explains Giancarlo Giudici, director of the Crowdinvesting Observatory. The first is the authorisation process under the new ECSP Regulation, which all platforms had to go through and which was resolved quickly by the November 2023 deadline for only a few. The second is the new market equilibrium on interest rates, which produced the most evident effects in 2023, leading investors to demand higher returns not always accepted by entrepreneurs'.

However, according to the expert, there are conditions for a revival of crowdinvesting in Italy by taking advantage of the new authorisation context that sees equity and lending platforms on the same level, with a standard of requirements and stricter controls that will benefit the market'.

The sketch

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Crowdfunding allows individuals and institutional and professional investors to directly join, through an enabling Internet platform, an appeal to raise resources for an entrepreneurial project, either by granting a loan (lending-based model) or by underwriting shares in the company's venture capital (equity-based model). Crowdinvesting is an attractive opportunity both for entrepreneurs wishing to finance their activities and for investors looking for returns and portfolio diversification opportunities.

Authorised portals

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The new ECSP (European Crowdfunding Service Providers) Regulation on European crowdfunding service providers for businesses, supplemented in recent months by national legislative measures and the second-level regulations of Consob and Banca d'Italia, is from this year the reference point for all operators. As of 30 June, 33 Italian platforms were authorised, plus one authorised in Spain.

Equity crowdfunding

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Over the past 12 months, equity campaigns have raised EUR 106.53 million on the market, a decrease of 25.5% compared to the previous period (-32.6% for non-real estate projects), bringing total venture capital raised to EUR 678.09 million. Campaigns decreased but the success rate remained high at around 90%. The average target fundraising for non-real estate projects in the last 6 months was EUR 194,233, for real estate projects EUR 1,1184,833.

On average, 4.78% of capital is offered in return for non-real estate projects. The platform that has finalised and raised the most venture capital since its inception is Mamacrowd, with €176.67m (€46.02m in the last year), followed by Walliance with €113.48m, which, however, has been displaced from second place in the last 12 months by Yeldo Crowd, a portal specialising in real estate (€15.42m). The one that has published the most campaigns is CrowdFundMe (257), while Mamacrowd (51) has topped the list over the past year.

After the collection campaign, some companies manage to increase turnover and margins and even go public, but the vast majority do not show significant growth and the number of broadcasters that have been closed and liquidated increases. Few become profitable and only a few manage to exceed their targets with respect to expected revenues.

Lending crowdfunding

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On minibonds in the last 12 months, 19 campaigns have been concluded on 2 portals - the leader in this area is Fundera - and the funds raised amounted to EUR 28 million (+34.5% compared to the previous period), with a total cumulative amount of EUR 120.02 million. The crowd platforms that lend to individuals have practically disappeared, acquired and absorbed by other financial players: only Talents Venture remains.

Platforms active in direct lending to businesses raised €167.82m (+7.7% year-on-year) with an excellent increase in real estate projects, bringing total funding to €504.65m. The average funding target is EUR 282,212, the minimum investment size is lower than in equity campaigns. The average loan maturity is around 15 months with almost always bullet repayment. The average annual interest rate rose in the first half of 2024 to 9.82%. The market leader in the last 12 months is Recrowd with 73.60 million raised (and a cumulative 158.25 million), Trusters is the platform that has published the most campaigns, 82.

Real Estate Crowdfunding

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The real estate crowdfunding industry has supported the sector over the past 12 months. These are short- to medium-term projects that aim to redevelop, or build from scratch, and subsequently sell real estate: crowdfunding plays an important role in boosting initial financing due to the speed of collection and the absence of collateral. Projects financed in the last year raised 191.56 million, +7.2% compared to the previous period. The first half of 2024 set an all-time record for funding. The average annual yield offered was stable in H1 2024 at 13.22% for equity offerings and slightly increased for lending offerings (10.01%).

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