Interview

'De-escalation in the Middle East, Ukraine in NATO': Finland's crisis response

Foreign Minister Elina Valtonen: 'Only slight differences between EU countries on Iran. Priority remains the war in Ukraine: it would be a pity not to have Kiev in NATO in the near future, it also deserves to join the EU once the reforms are done"

by Michele Pignatelli

Elina Valtonen, ministra degli Esteri della Finlandia, in occasione del Arctic Circle Rome Forum - Polar Dialogue a Roma (photo by Mauro Scrobogna / LaPresse)

3' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

3' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

Working on a de-escalation of the new Middle East conflict and the restoration of international law violated first and foremost by Iran, without forgetting that the war in Ukraine remains Europe's priority and that Kiev should be guaranteed entry into NATO, perhaps more urgently than entry into the EU. This is the recipe of Elina Valtonen, foreign minister of the centre-right Finnish government, to tackle the two major international crises of the moment, in an interview granted to Il Sole 24 Ore during the Arctic Circle Forum in Rome.

The new conflict in the Middle East has brought out different points of view in the EU. Is there a risk that it will further undermine a united European position in the global scenario? And what is Finland's position?

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I don't think this is a problem. On Sunday we held an extraordinary Foreign Affairs Council and unanimously adopted a declaration. We agree on many points, there are just different opinions or accents on some issues, but that is normal, because we are 27 democracies. As for Finland, we share the position of the EU: international law is the basis for our actions. And certainly the Iranian regime did not respect international law and human rights, while the fact that they are now attacking neighbouring countries and even civilian infrastructure must be strongly condemned.

The question that seems to divide the EU countries, however, is whether a military attack on Iran was justified or not...

There are slight differences, but all European countries abide by international law. The European Union demands first of all an immediate easing of tension. Then negotiations should resume because, if there is to be a lasting solution to the crisis, it can only be political, negotiated.

Are you afraid that the new crisis will take attention and resources away from another war closer to you, the one in Ukraine?

With a war going on in Europe, the priority for Europeans should remain that, although I do not believe - think of the relations between Iran and Russia - that we live in a world where we can look at a crisis in isolated terms. We, along with the other Nordic countries, have been, in relation to GDP, the biggest supporters of Ukraine and its defence, and we hope that now every EU member state will do its part: to help Kiev, but also to weaken - with sanctions and without re-establishing trade relations - Moscow, which is a threat to any country, not only its neighbours. But in these four years we have been able to act very united at EU level.

Now, however, Hungary is blocking the 90 billion EU loan to Ukraine.

I do not believe that such important foreign and security policy issues for the whole of Europe should be hostage to domestic politics, and unfortunately this has been the case with Hungary for a while. I am sure the European Commission will find a way to grant this loan to Ukraine.

Ukraine has applied to join the European Union as early as 2027. What do you think?

Ukraine certainly deserves a future in the European Union. But also in NATO. On this I think indeed that it would be a pity and a loss for NATO if Ukraine did not join in the near future, not least because it has developed some of the strongest defence capabilities that exist at the moment. Having said that, for the enlargement of the EU, we must stick to the merits of membership, because the EU is not just a membership card, but its values: rule of law, a society that does not tolerate corruption. These are issues that have to be resolved and we have to help Ukraine carry out the necessary reforms.

Finland joined NATO in 2023. Then Donald Trump was re-elected president, the US seems less and less inclined to defend Europe, unthinkable crises have erupted within the Alliance, such as the clash over Greenland... If you went back, would you make the same choice again?

Absolutely. I think NATO is stronger than ever, and not just because Finland and Sweden have joined, but because the United States does not question being part of it. On the contrary: President Trump emphasised the Article 5 guarantees. Europe rightly needs to do more for its defence and deterrence, and so we made the right decision last summer to increase military spending to 5 per cent of GDP. With Europe becoming stronger, I think the transatlantic bond is also strengthened.

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