The interview

Doglio: 'Real estate valorisation of historic prisons, not just new cells'

The Special Commissioner for Prison Construction: '9,696 places in three years; 758 million in works, some already financed'

by Raffaella Calandra

Marco Doglio

3' min read

  • Numbers and costs of the plan
  • On the market for historical institutes?
  • Prison not only container
  • Delays
  • Renovations, new construction and property development

3' min read

He compares it to a 'matryoshka', an interlocking of old and new interventions, 'in collaboration with Dap, Juvenile Justice and MIT, under the direction of Palazzo Chigi'. For "a structural response to overcrowding". Awaited for months, preceded and followed by criticism, the penitentiary building plan arrives at the Council of Ministers with the ambition of "not just building cells, but recovering dignity, security, and functionality," assures the extraordinary commissioner for penitentiary building, Marco Doglio. Also "through a large-scale real estate valorisation", the manager called by Cassa Depositi e Prestiti to speed up the procedures, tells IlSole24ore.

Commissioner, let us be clear about the numbers of places available immediately and the costs?

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9,696 over the next three years in 60 building interventions, at an estimated cost of 758 million, largely already covered. In addition to these, a further 5,000 places are to be added by upgrading and transforming institutions that are no longer functional, with the aim of creating new places through the construction of new prisons or the expansion of existing ones, bringing the overall response to the need to approximately 15,000 prison places.

New prisons, to be built where? Is the sale of historical institutions also being considered? Idea examined in the past by Cdp?

We are talking about valorisation and transformation, not sale. We are carrying out a census - for example of cadastral constraints - for important prisons in the city centre or with a sea view, potentially subject to urban development. We are then evaluating the possibility of moving prisoners to more modern sites, close to other institutions. We prepare the ground, the rest at a later stage. Also a reflection on real estate funds: as they exist for student halls of residence and RSAs, there could be for prisons.

In the meantime, what and how many places will be available immediately, foreseen in the 21 out of 60 planned interventions?

In the first half of 2025, 305 places have already been recovered, by the end of the year there will be 1,472. The 60 interventions will be 37% in the North, 22% in the Centre, 42% in the South. The main interventions are for the expansion of existing facilities in San Vito al Tagliamento (PN), Forlì and Rome Rebibbia (MIT), Naples Poggioreale (Dap) and Reggio Calabria Arghillà, planned by the Commissioner. But also Monza, Pavia, Voghera, etc.

A plan for more places, but the prison is not just a container, as the President of the Republic reminded...

The plan also takes into account treatment, work and educational spaces. However, the priority required is emergency and is to allow prisoners to live in a dignified environment. In the medium term, the strategy of the plan is to build modular, safe and modern facilities, where re-education spaces are an integral part.

The provision of prefabs in the open spaces of the institutes, mostly dedicated to sports, has been criticised. 

Criticism is understandable, but often based on past experiences where there was insufficient quality control. The modules provided today are evolved, tested, with all hygienic, safety and durability guarantees. This is a pragmatic solution for quick responses without sacrificing quality. The modules will be placed within the existing perimeters, with the aim of guaranteeing living spaces according to international standards.

More staff will be needed.

It is being discussed with the Dap.

The plan was months overdue. Why the delay?

It was the subject of a reconnaissance among various implementing actors. The operational lines of intervention were then outlined through collaboration with Invitalia, Cdp, and Anac. In addition, the approval of the programme, which took place on 9 July, was subject to the usual timeframe for the acquisition of the administrations' concurrences. Today we are proud to present a concrete plan that can be implemented very quickly.

Have you visited any penal institutions?

I have been to those in Lazio and Lombardy: the comparison with the penitentiary facilities made it possible to collect valuable observations for the physical allocation of the new posts.

In summary, renovations, new modules and property development?

The Italian prison system has a structural deficit of 15,700 places. The plan aims to close this gap with 9,696 places to be realised in the three-year period (1,472 in 2025, 5,914 in 2026 and 2,310 in 2027). In addition, 5,000 additional places will be added through the upgrading and transformation of institutions in major cities. The approach is: new modules, expansions, renovations and large-scale real estate operations.

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