Brussels

EU, Parliament approves new rules for migrants: stricter controls and mandatory solidarity between states

All member states will have to help the first host countries. Von del Leyen: 'A huge step for Europe'

Europarlamento. Dopo tre anni di negoziati ieri è stato approvato il patto migranti

3' min read

3' min read

In a particularly heated parliamentary session, the European Parliament gave its approval to the migration package, a set of measures with which the EU wants to ensure greater solidarity between member states in dealing with immigration. Overall, popular, socialists and liberals supported the compromise on the table. Loud protests against the reform came from human rights activists in the audience.

"This is a huge step for Europe," said Commission President Ursula von der Leyen at a press conference.

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The parliamentary approval came after over three years of EU negotiations. "Worried by those who voted against? I would have been worried if the pact had not passed,' commented Roberta Metsola, the president of the European Parliament. In fact, the centrist parties hope with the approval of the reform to take votes away from the extreme right at the next elections.

The package of regulations and directives - which were finally approved one by one by the Parliament today, 10 April - includes stricter controls on the arrival of migrants on EU territory; reception centres close to the EU's external borders to quickly return those who do not qualify for asylum; and a mechanism of compulsory solidarity between member states - countries will be able to choose whether to accept migrants or to provide funding.

The current rule that the first country of arrival is responsible for the asylum application will be maintained, with specific adjustments. In order to accommodate someEastern countries, which are against compulsory reception, solidarity will take the form of economic aid (20,000 euros per migrant). Nevertheless, the Hungarian Foreign Minister Peter Szijjarto called the package approved today by the European Parliament "a green light for illegal immigration".

The controversial reform was the subject of a political agreement in December and was approved in the parliamentary committee in February, with the aim of final adoption before the European elections in June (see Il Sole/24 Ore of 21 December 2023).

At this point the approved package just needs the green light from the Council, which should be a formality.

For a decade now, the European Union has been struggling to manage illegal immigration. According to the European Asylum Agency (known by its English acronym EUAA), the Union is facing a new increase in asylum applications, reaching 1.14 million in 2023, the highest level since 2016. So-called irregular entries into the EU are also on the rise, reaching 380,000 in 2023, according to Frontex, the European border control agency.

Today's votes showeddivisions in the political groups according to the rules. Noteworthy were the contrariety of the Democratic Party, for the 'unacceptable shortcomings' on the human rights front, and the League, because the reform 'is unfortunately not sufficient to adequately address an epoch-making phenomenon such as immigration'.

From Rome, Interior Minister Matteo Piantedosi hailed 'the best possible compromise, which in any case takes into account Italy's priority needs'.

"The new pact must now be implemented while respecting the principles of refugee protection: the UNHCR is ready to support it," commented UNHCR High Commissioner Filippo Grandi. Some 160 human rights organisations had called on MEPs to reject the migration package, expressing concern about the 'detention of families with children' and the 'criminalisation' of migrants.

Today the radical left protested in the chamber. "It is the pact of shame, because it abolishes the individual right to asylum," said German MEP Cornelia Ernst.

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