Public opinion

85 per cent of EU citizens regard climate change as a problem, but what will become of the Green Deal?

The European Green Deal is stalling amid opposition and second thoughts, and risks losing momentum and credibility

 Tamara - stock.adobe.com

3' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

3' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

85 per cent of European citizens regard climate change as a serious global problem, and a similar proportion believe that tackling it should be a priority in order to improve public health and quality of life. A slightly smaller proportion (77%) of respondents are convinced that the damage caused by climate change far outweighs the costs involved in transitioning to a net-zero emissions economy.

These are some of the key findings to emerge from the Eurobarometer survey on climate change, which was carried out in recent months amongst more than 26,000 people across the 27 EU Member States.

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I CITTADINI EUROPEI A FAVORE DELLA NEUTRALITÀ CLIMATICA ENTRO IL 2050

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Despite this broad consensus amongst citizens, one question is being asked with increasing urgency in the corridors of Brussels: what will become of the European Green Deal? The European Commission’s ambitious set of proposals, aimed at transforming Europe into the first climate-neutral continent by 2050, dominated the political agenda during Ursula von der Leyen’s first term. But in her second five-year term, the Green Deal seems to be losing momentum, not only due to opposition from some Member States, but also because of second thoughts within the Commission itself.

This is demonstrated by what happened at the end of June, when the Berlaymont Building withdrew the proposal for a directive to protect consumers from greenwashing practices. This decision came just as the legislative process was nearing its conclusion, following two years of negotiations.

The pressing need to boost European competitiveness in an increasingly conflict-ridden geopolitical landscape has led the EU agenda to focus more heavily on defence and the streamlining of red tape, at the expense of green issues. One such example is Directive 2025/794, through which the Commission has postponed the deadlines for the implementation of the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) and the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) by two years.

At the same time, there is a growing call from Member States for greater flexibility in achieving the zero-emissions target. This explains the two-month delay in tabling the amendment to the Climate Act, which was due to the intense political debate that accompanied its drafting.

The proposal, put forward last week by the Commission, sets a target for reducing EU emissions by 2040: a 90 per cent reduction compared with 1990 levels. This was an expected target, but it is accompanied by a series of new flexibility clauses and legal loopholes, designed to facilitate its approval.

However, approval is by no means a foregone conclusion, either in the Council (where a qualified majority is required) or in the European Parliament (where a simple majority is required).

Among the new measures likely to be the subject of the most debate is the possibility for Member States to use international carbon credits – by funding climate projects in third countries, provided they meet high standards – and to count the resulting emissions reductions towards their national targets. In addition to this ‘externalisation’ of efforts, there is also the possibility of offsetting a shortfall in emissions reductions in one economic sector against over-performance in other sectors.

It is clear that the Commission is adopting a more pragmatic approach, taking account of national specificities. This is a move that various governments have long been calling for, but one that exposes Europe’s climate ambitions to greater politicisation and fragmentation, with a real risk that they will be scaled back.

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It is therefore not surprising that the proposal has been met with strong criticism from environmental organisations. There were also dissenting voices within the Commission: the Vice-President responsible for the Green Deal, Teresa Ribera, spoke openly of “political cowardice” and warned that “the EU’s climate credibility is at stake”.

In conclusion, whilst new records for extreme temperatures continue to be set across Europe, the political climate surrounding the European Green Deal is also becoming increasingly heated.

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