The interview

'Fed comes late, should have started cutting rates in May'

L’edificio della Federal Reserve a Washington. (Reuters)

3' min read

3' min read

"I am absolutely convinced that the Federal Reserve is late in cutting rates. They were supposed to start in May. But fortunately this delay will not cause any serious damage: no well-run company will go bankrupt if the cost of money remains 50 basis points higher for three months too long'. Paul Donovan, chief economist at Ubs Gwm, has no doubts: while in his view the ECB and Bank of England are doing well, the Fed has wasted too much time. "In my view, Fed Chairman Jerome Powell is not doing a very good job,' he comments. 'To say that the Fed depends on data to make its decisions, at a time when macroeconomic data are proving to be unreliable and subject to large revisions, is not wise.

Does the Fed's delay threaten the resilience of the US economy?

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No, I don't think so. The economic data give all the evidence that the US economy is heading for a soft landing and not a recession. Retail sales are good, the latest labour data still signal that the economy is creating jobs, profits are rising. Only sentiment indicators (such as consumer confidence indices) are weak. But one should not forget that these indices are very much influenced by the political thinking of those surveyed. They are not so reliable.

But it is true that until now consumption has held up thanks to the savings accumulated during the pandemic by households. Today those savings are fake: isn't there a risk that consumption will come to a halt quickly?

It is true that these extra savings can no longer sustain the US economy. But for middle-class households there is now a different supporting factor: after years of high inflation, real wages have finally returned to growth. This does not fully compensate for the end of the pandemic extra savings, in fact the economy is slowing down, but it is still a support to avoid recession. And then there is a new, positive phenomenon related to female employment.

What?

Before the pandemic, many women tended to choose a job close to home in order to be able to manage their children easily. This often led them to give up the job for which they were best qualified, in favour of the one that was most convenient. But since the pandemic, with the boom in smart working, this problem has been scaled down: so today there is an increase in women's work and a growth in skilled work. This increases household incomes and thus supports consumption. There are no US figures, but in Great Britain 42% of workers do smart working at least some days of the week. And in the USA offices have not been so empty since 1979.

What then could lead to recession in the US? What is the greatest risk?

I think the turning point would be if citizens really feared losing their jobs. That would reduce consumer spending. But if you look at the current data, this is not happening: people are not losing their jobs. Today it is less easy to find a new job because hiring has slowed down, of course, but there are still no major layoffs.

And in Europe? Here it is mainly Germany, which is the economic locomotive of the Continent, that suffers.

I don't think so: Germany is no longer the locomotive of Europe. I rather think that Italy can be.

Italy?

Yes, because consumer behaviour has been changing in recent years: after years of lockdown, people now prefer to spend more on entertainment and travel than on buying material goods. I am not saying that they no longer buy cars or refrigerators, of course. I am saying, however, that the percentage of income going to buy material goods is decreasing in favour of that going to wellness and entertainment.

So?

So the German industry, which specialises in building high-quality goods, is in an awkward position in this changing world. And the same applies to China. In contrast, a country like Italy, which is a destination for tourism and entertainment, has an advantage.

Do you think that with a weakened Germany it is easier to get the Draghi plan proposals digested?

I hope so, but I doubt it. It must be remembered that at the time of the birth of the euro, Germany was the sick man of Europe, but that did not prevent Europe's strict rules. I hope that Europe will move towards a 'fiscal confederation' on the Swiss model: tax sharing must be limited but effective. But I doubt this will change: the Draghi report is nice in theory, but the policy is something else entirely.

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  • Morya Longo

    Morya LongoVicecaposervizio

    Luogo: Milano

    Lingue parlate: Italiano, inglese

    Argomenti: Finanza, mercati azionari e obbligazionari

    Premi: Vincitore del premio State Street 2018 – Giornalista dell’anno, autore del miglior scoop

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