Canada's version

Neil Young, McLuhan and the 'Dune' movies: how much Canada is in US culture!

Trump plays with duties in Ottawa and the 51st state boutade, but more than once Canada has conquered the US. With music, literature and film

by Francesco Prisco

Joni Mitchell e Neil Young, due «icone» della popular music canadese, ospiti di The Band sul palco di «The Last Waltz»

5' min read

5' min read

Wax on, wax off. Put on the duties, take off the duties. Then put them on again, then off again: it would take Master Miyagi from Karate Kid to trace a modicum of balance in Trump's trade policies towards Canada. Or perhaps a robust dose of lithium, the mood stabiliser most favoured by America's desperate housewives. But the concept that, between the serious and the facetious, 'The Donald' wants to get across in the end is simple, very simple: dear Canadians, either you join us and become the 51st of the United States of America or it will be total trade war, with tariffs.

There is a bit of the doctrine of Manifest Destiny behind it, which in the 19th century wanted Americans to expand by exporting their values throughout the New World, a bit of the boorish stadium chorus 'We are the strongest/ but who the f... are you'. There's a bit of the snootiness of those who consider their neighbour some kind of poor relation who, if he ever has the honour of being invited to dinner, would do well to put on his best suit and look his best. Yet.

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Yet the thing Trump does not know or pretends not to know is that the culture of his much-loved United States is deeply indebted to Canada; that the maple leaf flag has given the American cultural industry some of its best minds; that Canadian soft power has more than once conquered the US. With music, film, literature. Let's look into it.

The Band, Bob Dylan's 'boys'

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It is obligatory to start with popular music, the first artistic field in which the United States has demonstrated its exceptionality to the world. There is only one musical artist in history to have won the Nobel Prize for Literature: it is Bob Dylan, a Jew from Duluth, Minnesota. But what for a good decade was his band - or rather: The Band, as if it were the band par excellence - was four-fifths Canadian citizens: Rick Danko, Garth Hudson, Richard Manuel and of course the immense Robbie Robertson. Without him we would not, for example, have had that masterpiece called The Night they drove old Dixie Down, the finest song about the War of Secession ever written. Written from the perspective of Southerners, to be precise, a detail that many Trump voters should also cherish.

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A Giant Named Leonard Cohen

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We said Bob Dylan, but Canada too has had its Bob Dylan: Leonard Cohen, novelist lent to songwriting. He too is Jewish, but from Montreal, Quebec, a cosmopolitan attitude, the personal and the political coming together, the Buddhist faith winning out over everything. Poignant ballads like Suzanne and So Long Marianne bear his signature, not to mention Hallelujah, a song that is now performed more often at weddings than Schubert's Ave Maria.

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Because of the cover by Jeff Buckley (American) and the soundtrack of the film Shrek (American), where another Canadian artist, Rufus Wainwright, sang it. As for covers of Hallelujah, truth be told, one is spoilt for choice: there are more than 180 versions. Some, when they gave Dylan the Nobel Prize, maligned that Cohen would deserve it even more. Cohen responded by defending his American friend: 'No kidding, the Nobel to Bob is like giving a medal to Everest'. Great poet and great gentleman.

Canadesi che non ti aspetti

Photogallery29 foto

Joni Mitchell, a Lady between folk and jazz

A great lover too, in fact. Among his loves, there was for example Joni Mitchell, one of the world's greatest songwriting icons, a native of Fort MacLeod, Alberta, in the 1960s and 1970s an organic part of the Laurel Canyon scene. The only artist to have passed undisturbed between folk, rock and jazz, hailed by the critics, loved by the public and revered by countless illustrious colleagues (apart from Cohen also Graham Nash, David Crosby, James Taylor and Jackson Browne to name but a few). Some argue that, had she been a man, she would have overshadowed Dylan with the greatness of her songs. And they have a point. Try Blue (1971) and Hejira (1976) to believe.

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Old Neil Young

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The best known of the Canadian musicians of that generation is surely Neil Young. One who straddled the two borders, between the 1960s and 1970s, doing and undoing: founding bands and superbands (Buffalo Springfield, Crazy Horse, Crosby Stills Nash & Young), releasing milestones (After the Gold Rush, Harvest, Rust Never Sleeps), activating on the political front. The likes of Trump knows and avoids them: against white supremacists in unsuspected times he wrote Alabama and Southern Man, against anti-vaccinists - and Joe Rogan in particular - for two years he removed his songs from Spotify. He even filed a complaint against Trump himself five years ago, since he appropriated the anthem Rockin' in the Free World for the election campaign. In November he will be 80 years old, but he does not give an inch: these days, for instance, he announced that he will open his next European tour with a free concert in Ukraine.

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In mainstream territory we find Christmas icon Michael Bublé, 90s teen idols (Alanis Morrisette of Ottawa), 2000s (Avril Lavigne of Belleville, Ontario) and 2000s (Justin Bieber of London, Ontario), while the indie world of the new millennium owes much to Montreal-based Arcade Fire. All-time pop bestsellers include Céline Dion (from Charlemagne, Quebec), while urban and contemporary R&B can count on Drake and The Weeknd, both from Toronto. Speaking of jazz: it's hard to imagine anything more authentically American than Gonna Fly Now, the trumpeting theme from the Rocky saga soundtrack. It was written by the Italian-American Bill Conti, but playing the trumpet was a certain Maynard Ferguson from Verdun, Quebec. One of the most prodigious trumpet players of all time.

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"Dune" according to Villeneuve

If we move on to cinema, Canada boasts directors who are anything but banal, the likes of Atom Egoyan (beautiful The Sweet Tomorrow), the good-natured Jean-Marc Vallée (C.R.A.Z.Y. and Dallas Buyers Club his must-sees) and Jason Reitman, master of the politically incorrect with effervescent comedies such as Thank you for Smoking and Juno, but the most quoted is undoubtedly Denis Villeneuve, specialist in sci-fi re-boots. To say: after Blade Runner 2049, for Warner Bros he signed off on the two chapters of the new film adaptation of the Dune cycle, based on the novels by Frank Herbert. Again, it is hard to imagine anything more genuinely American. Considering the turbulent times we are going through, also highly recommended is the slow-burning tetralogy by Denys Arcand (from Montreal, class of 1941) that combines the films The Decline of the American Empire (1986), The Barbarian Invasions (2003), The Barbarian Age (2007) and The Fall of the American Empire (2018). We laugh, we cry and the personal becomes punctually political.

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Richler's version and Trump's

A land of masters of storytelling, Canada is the birthplace of Nobel Prize winners for Literature Saul Bellow, a Jew from Lachine, Quebec, author of the monumental Herzog, and Alice Munro, to whom we owe a title that plastically conveys the situation we are currently experiencing: Getting out alive. The best known of the Canadian novelists in Italy is undoubtedly Mordecai Richler, again a Quebec Jew (from Montreal, to be precise) who has given us pearls of cutting irony such as The Barney Version and the underrated Solomon Gursky was here.

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Take Marshall McLuhan, the sociologist of The Gutenberg Galaxy and The Tools of Communication, the first to organically study the impact of mass media on mankind, the inventor of such fundamental expressions as 'global village', someone so pop that he was recruited by Woody Allen for a cameo in Me and Annie. One who had already sensed the dynamics of the Trump phenomenon despite having died 37 years before he took office in the White House for his first term. But perhaps Trump cares more about others of his fellow citizens. Like John Tenta, a 209-pound, 96-foot-tall bad boy, nom de guerre Canadian Earthquake. Because after all, wrestling is also culture in its own way.

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