Summit in Varsava

Poland: 5 major EU countries in favour of Eurobonds for defence

The announcement was made by Polish Foreign Minister Radoslaw Sikorski at the press conference at the end of the meeting of the foreign ministers of France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain plus the United Kingdom

Il ministro francese  Jean-Noel Barrot,  il ministro degli Esteri Antonio Tajani, il ministro polacco  Radoslaw Sikorski ed il ministro tedesco Annalena Baerbock  alla Riunione sulla Sicurezza a Varsavia

3' min read

3' min read

"For the first time five (EU) countries have come out in favour of European bonds to finance defence, this is a real novelty". The announcement was made by Polish Foreign Minister Radoslaw Sikorski at a press conference at the end of the meeting of the foreign ministers of France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain and the United Kingdom in Warsaw.

How to finance defence spending

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In the final communiqué of the meeting, it is stated that we want to 'strengthenEurope's security and defence, using all the levers at our disposal, including the economic and financial power of the European Union, and strengthening the European industrial base'. To this end, 'we will discuss innovative financing and remove obstacles to trade and investment in the defence sector'.

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At the press conference, only Italian Foreign Minister Antonio Tajani made explicit reference to Eurobonds while the French and German ministers made no mention of them.

"To guarantee in a European way the indebtedness of nations to reach 2%" of GDP to be allocated to defence "seems to me an idea to be welcomed. This would take away from each nation the burden of perhaps having different debt interests and make security and defence a common heritage'. This was said by Defence Minister Guido Crosetto on the sidelines of a meeting with his European counterparts in Brussels, commenting on the hypothesis relaunched by the summit of foreign ministers in Warsaw.

Crosetto: uncoupling defence spending from the EU Pact

"Several governments have pledged to reach 2 per cent but, as you see, every time there is a budget law there is difficulty in increasing the funds,' Crosetto added. 'It is a theme that I have been posing for two years now, the constraints that exist for each country as the impact of defence on the stability pact must be eliminated. Excluding this expenditure from the Stability Pact would become a separate matter and there would be the possibility of reaching 2 per cent'.

The foreign ministers' meeting in Warsaw was about the thousand-day war in Ukraine: it served to fine-tune the ideas circulating in view of the confrontation with the new US administration from January.

There is now a realisation in the EU that there is a need to gear up seriously 'for the strengthening of military capacity while maintaining US commitments' (this is a wish) in European security, said Sikorski, according to whom 'there is the readiness of the majority of EU countries to assume the military and financial burden of supporting Ukraine in the context of a possibly limited US commitment'.

Berlin cautious on Eurobonds

German minister Annalena Baerbock avoided talking about Eurobonds: in Germany it is a minefield and one can understand her reserve, especially as the Greens hope to be embarked on a possible future coalition after the federal elections with Cdu and Spd (this time junior partners), a solution to the extreme right-wing nationalists AfD. It is already difficult in Germany to embark on solutions that unblock the internal debt brake.

The new European High Representative for Foreign Policy and Security, Kaja Kallas, is to prepare a report on the urgent needs to flesh out the commitment to finance the continent's protection efforts. The former Estonian prime minister herself had several months ago argued in favour of issuing Eurobonds to finance a European defence plan. There is no trace of this in the EU Commission President's guidelines.

Sources informed about the ongoing discussions at European level on the whole game of 'innovative financial solutions' explain that the possible common solutions - i.e. common loans on the market - would not concern the repetition of the mechanism that financed the NRPs but rather targeted operations on individual shared projects on which European public intervention (or even groups of countries) is needed to flank or catalyse the contribution of private capital. This applies in general to green and digital transition projects, not just defence.

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