The base in Sicily

Sigonella, what happened and how the Italia-US agreements work

Italia denied the landing of American bombers. Agreements between the two countries stipulate that the OK of the Italian state is needed in the case of operations with warlike purposes

by Rome Editorial Staff

 (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini) AP

4' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

4' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

Between 27 and 28 March, Italia denied the US the use of the Sigonella base. The episode, which took place a few days ago, was reported by the Corriere della sera and confirmed by informed sources. The denial by the Defence Minister Guido Crosetto began when it became known about the flight plan of some US aircraft assets, which envisaged landing at Sigonella and then leaving for the Middle East. No one, however, had asked for any authorisation or consulted the Italian military leadership: the plan had in fact been communicated while the planes were already in the air and checks revealed that these were not normal or logistical flights and therefore not included in the treaty with our country. The US request, later denied by Italia, for the use of the base concerned in particular the landing of bombers.

Palazzo Chigi: 'We respect agreements, requests for bases examined case by case'

'Every request,' reads a note published by Palazzo Chigi after the news of Italia's 'no' vote spread, 'is carefully examined on a case-by-case basis, as has always been the case in the past. There are no critical issues or frictions with international partners. Relations with the United States, in particular, are solid and marked by full and loyal cooperation. The Government will therefore continue to operate within the framework of the treaties in force, respecting the will of the Government and Parliament, while guaranteeing international reliability and full protection of the national interest'.

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Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni will address the House on 9 April. On that occasion she will provide information on what happened. The briefing, which does not include a vote by the Chamber, will also be repeated in the Senate.

In recent times, and in particular after the US and Israeli decision to attack Iran, the military port of call in Sicily has come under the spotlight. Indeed, it has not escaped the notice of the opposition in particular (led by the Five Star Movement and the Avs) that the traffic of American drones and planes has intensified, but - it has been repeatedly recalled by Defence sources - only for refuelling, logistics and aerial surveillance.

Pentagon: Italia respects treaties on bases

 

Italia respects the treaties and "currently provides support by guaranteeing access, bases, and overflight rights to US forces," said a Pentagon official responding to Ansa seeking comment on Rome's decision to deny the use of the Sigonella base to some US bombers. "Yes," the official then replied when asked whether Italia complies with treaties with the US on the use of the base.

Agreements between Italia and the USA

According to the agreements between the US and Italia, in the event that the US intends to use one of their locations as a springboard for war purposes - such as attacks on Tehran - the OK of the Italian government is required. However, in the context of the current crisis, the executive has announced that it will share any decisions on the granting of US bases with Parliament. The first pacts regulating their use date back to the early post-war period: the Nato Sofa of 1951, then the Bilateral infrastructure agreement of 1954 updated in 1973 and updated with the Italia-USA Memorandum of Understanding of 1995. The agreements are largely secret.

Pd: opaque and worrying picture on Sigonella, government to report in plenary

The opposition demands clarity. In the forefront is the Democratic Party. 'In light of the news that has emerged in the last few hours and the declarations made by Defence Minister Guido Crosetto,' stresses Anthony Barbagallo, regional secretary of the Democratic Party of Sicily and member of parliament, 'it is necessary and urgent that the government report clearly in Parliament on what is really happening. We had already formally requested a report on 25 March, highlighting how, in the previous week, operations had taken place that suggested a direct involvement of our country in activities that were not merely logistical or support functions. As we learn today, also thanks to the information transmitted by the Chief of Defence Staff Luciano Portolano, there has allegedly been an attempt by the United States to use the Sigonella base for operations of an offensive nature, without prior Italian authorisation. Minister Crosetto's decision to deny the landing is a relevant and correct fact that confirms the validity of the concerns raised in recent days. However, it remains an extremely opaque and worrying picture, also in light of the reports of the use of the Sigonella base for intelligence activities and operational support in international conflict scenarios'.

US bases in Italia

In addition to that of Sigonella, there are also the military airports of Aviano in Friuli Venezia Giulia - from which a dozen F16s have allegedly already been transferred - and Ghedi (which would house nuclear warheads) in Lombardy. The ports are those of Naples and Gaeta, while the two bases are Camp Darby in Tuscany and Camp Ederle in Veneto. There are also minor garrisons and reserved deployments. In addition to the 13,000 US military personnel on the bases, another 21,000 are part of the VIth Fleet of the US Navy, where there are 40 ships and 175 combat and transport aircraft. Then there are the ports of Naples and Gaeta (there is the American 6th fleet) and the bases of Camp Darby (the largest American arms and ammunition depot in Europe), in Tuscany, and Camp Ederle and Caserma Del Din, in Veneto. Scattered around the country are also surveillance systems such as the Muos (mobile user objective system) in Niscemi, which also monitors the situation in the Middle East through radar and satellite.

The risk of terrorist attacks

Beyond the regulatory issues governing the purposes of their use, the presence of US military infrastructure is a sensitive element with respect to possible terrorist threats in Italia.

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