Big Tech

SpaceX takes on debt for AI, but a sell-off hits the market

The share price has fallen by more than 10 per cent as the group begins the placement of its first investment-grade bond – Third consecutive session of losses: over 500 billion wiped out

by Biagio Simonetta

 REUTERS

2' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

2' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

SpaceX is losing ground on Wall Street. On the day that Elon Musk’s space company attempts to embark on a new chapter in its financial history, its share price has fallen by over 10 per cent, confirming the cooling of enthusiasm following the massive $75 billion IPO.  This marks the third consecutive session of sharp declines, with over 500 billion wiped off the market value compared to its highs.

It must be said that the shares are still well above the offering price of $135, but the market’s message seems clear: following the initial surge, investors are beginning to assess the price of Elon Musk’s ambitions.

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This move comes as the banks have begun marketing the company’s first investment-grade bond issue. Bank of America, Citigroup, Goldman Sachs, JPMorgan and Morgan Stanley are organising investor calls ahead of a bond issue with maturities ranging from five to thirty years.

The deal is expected to be worth at least $20 billion, according to Bloomberg, and will primarily serve to refinance a bridge loan of a similar size. That loan accounts for the bulk of the $29.1 billion in long-term debt reported by the company. The company has, meanwhile, announced that it held approximately $100.8 billion in cash and cash equivalents as at 19 June.

The bond route seems to be a necessary step for Musk’s ambitions.

The bond market, at least on paper, offers the conditions to finance the growth of a company that, by its very nature, seems bound to invest. The group has received investment-grade ratings from all three major agencies. Moody’s has assigned it a Baa1 rating, Fitch a BBB+ and S&P a BBB. This is an important milestone because it allows SpaceX to present itself to credit investors with a level of credibility distinct from that of a high-risk space start-up.

Behind this shift lies, above all, artificial intelligence – Musk’s true obsession. Following the IPO, the company’s business narrative has shifted increasingly towards AI infrastructure: data centres, computing power, energy, and contracts with major tech clients. According to Bloomberg, the company already has agreements worth around $75 billion to provide computing capacity to Google and Anthropic.

But perhaps it is precisely these figures and these ambitions that have caused the initial enthusiasm to wane. As long as the market bought into the narrative of Musk’s company as a unique leader in space, Starlink and AI, the share price soared. Now, however, investors are beginning to look at the other side of the story as well. Namely, the amount of capital required to fund such vast infrastructure. And also the execution risk, the time it takes for investments to pay off, and the governance concentrated in Musk’s hands.

Analysts at Oppenheimer estimate that SpaceX could end up adding over $400 billion in net debt by 2031. That would be a huge figure even by the standards of major US technology companies. The most obvious comparison is with Oracle, which has already come under scrutiny due to a sharp rise in debt linked to AI.

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