2027 Budget

Ecobonus: in a surprise move, the spending limits for windows, air-conditioners and awnings have been cut

The cap on the eco-bonus is being standardised: all works will fall under a single limit

Superbonus ed ecobonus, nodi critici e limiti della capienza fiscale

3' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

3' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

A single spending cap is being introduced for the eco-bonus. For large-scale projects, this means a reduction in the amounts that can be reclaimed and, at the same time, an unprecedented opportunity for competition between energy-efficiency technologies: by spending money in one area, there will be a risk of no longer having the capacity to allocate resources to another category of works.

This change is set out in the draft Budget Bill, which revises the rules governing the tax relief. It should be noted that the spending limit for the eco-bonus differs from that of the standard renovation bonus: the two schemes do not overlap and have two separate ceilings. This rule remains unchanged.

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What’s changing with the eco-bonus

However, the rules governing the eco-bonus are changing; until now, these have been based on a highly complex system of spending caps (i.e. the maximum amount that can be spent, on the basis of which the bonus is then calculated). In fact, every eligible project now has its own ceiling; moreover, in some cases this is a spending limit, whilst in others it is a deduction limit.

To give a few examples, with the 50 per cent tax relief, there is a spending limit of 120,000 euros for windows and doors, a limit of 60,000 euros for heat pumps and hybrid systems, and for solar shading (such as awnings) there is a limit of 120,000 euros, and for solar thermal systems there is a limit of 120,000 euros.

These are limits that do not interact with one another. The Budget Bill draws a line under the matter and radically overhauls the system, reorganising all these limits.

These are subject to a single spending cap, with a total amount of 96,000 euros per property unit or, ‘in the case of works carried out on the communal parts of blocks of flats’, 40,000 euros, multiplied by the number of units making up the building. The eco-bonus scheme also covers thermal insulation works (such as the installation of external insulation) carried out on communal areas.

This reduction in the maximum limits is intended to bring some order to a system that, over the years, has objectively become difficult to understand. It will, however, also have other consequences. In the case of small-scale works, in practical terms, not much will change compared with the past.

Superbonus ed ecobonus, nodi critici e limiti della capienza fiscale

Those who, in practice, install only the windows and doors or carry out work solely on the heating system will not be able to utilise the full budget. The situation is different for more complex and comprehensive refurbishments, carried out mainly on larger properties. In these situations, the various technologies will, for the first time, compete with one another: there is a risk that, by investing a great deal of money in one area, there will be none left to cover a portion of the costs.

In fact, this amounts to a cut, the impact of which is difficult to gauge in advance. This is in addition to the failure to increase the tax relief for these works from 65 per cent. In addition to the straightforward extension of the two current rates (36 per cent and 50 per cent), in fact, the government has long considered raising the eco-bonus to 65 per cent, making use of the flexibility clause granted by Brussels for energy-related expenditure.

This increase, however, does not appear in the finalised text of the bill. The Government has chosen simply to renew the current scheme: 50 per cent for first homes and 36 per cent for all others.

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