Negotiations

Tariffs, US-China meetings start. First hurdle: rare earths

Bessent's team saw the Chinese delegation in London. Hassett, Trump adviser: 'The prospect is that the minerals will be released in quantity, then we will think of something else'

by Marco Valsania - New York

Le delegazioni americana e cinese sui dazi. Il terzo da sinistra è Scott Bessent, il quarto He Lifeng

3' min read

3' min read

Face-to-face in London with stakes that could not be higher: mending bilateral talks and relaunching a trade truce between the United States and China. Top-level delegations of the two major economic powers met yesterday - or rather started a series of talks - on neutral territory in the British capital. A thaw after rifts that threatened to unleash new escalations in tensions and a phone call from Donald Trump and Xi Jinping last week promising to get stalled negotiations back on track.

For the US, the full team was involved, led by Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent but also by the two protectionism hawks Howard Lutnick, Secretary of Commerce, and Jamieson Greer, White House Trade Representative. Their presence is actually seen as a sign of Washington's seriousness. For Beijing, the team was led by Vice Premier He Lifeng, plenipotentiary in the trade negotiations.

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On the table, immediately, is one of the main American demands: unlocking rare earths, considered essential for tech production and where Beijing's dominance remains undisputed. China mines 69% of the world's total of such minerals. However, we are only at the beginning of the new diplomatic round: He will be in London until 13 June as part of what has been christened the 'China-U.S. economic and trade consultation mechanism'.

"The purpose of the meeting is to ensure that the Chinese are serious, to proceed with literal handshakes and move forward," White House economic adviser Kevin Hassett said at the start of the meetings. "Our expectation is that after these handshakes rare earths will be released in quantity, then we can turn to dealing with smaller issues," he added.

However, the Chinese delegation from London also raised the wooing of other partners to break the US siege. In this case Britain: He indicated that China and the UK should maintain a 'sustained, healthy and stable' development of economic relations, deepening trade and cooperation. He met with Rachel Reeves, Chancellor of the Exchequer in London. Beijing recently also suggested a privileged channel to facilitate the arrival of rare earths in the EU.

Prime Minister Keir Starmer's Great Britain was the first and so far the only country to reach a trade deal with Washington, albeit still to be finalised, in order to defuse the tariff offensives unleashed by Trump globally to rewrite the balance of world trade in the name of his America First agenda. Strong tariffs against dozens of nations are suspended until 9 July but are expected to come into effect in the absence of compromises such as London's.

Of all the clashes, Washington's with Beijing is one of the most sensitive, in terms of size and strategic implications. The two capitals had reached a trade armistice on 11 May, with a temporary (90-day) halt to most of their respective tariffs to give diplomacy time. Since then, there have remained 30% US tariffs against China instead of 145% and 10% Chinese tariffs against America. However, Trump had later claimed that the talks were at a standstill, that Chinese leader Xi Jinping is 'a tough guy' with whom it is difficult to forge agreements, and that Beijing was violating the truce. China had responded with identical accusations. At stake were first and foremost barriers in the form of lack of authorisation for their most sensitive exports, namely rare earths and other critical Chinese minerals to the US, while China denounced blockades of US semiconductors necessary for its artificial intelligence race.

In the climate of continuing uncertainty, the OECD recently revised its forecast for the global economy downwards, to 2.9 per cent from 3.1 per cent, citing 'significant' increases in trade barriers.

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