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The 50-euro note is the most widely used in the eurozone

According to an analysis of the distribution, the 50-euro note accounts for almost half of the total volume of banknotes in circulation in the eurozone

Foto Guatelli (NEWPRESS)

2' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

2' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

The 50-euro banknote is by far the most common and accounts for almost half of the total volume of banknotes in circulation in the eurozone.

According to the official statistics from the European Central Bank (ECB), the percentage breakdown of the number of banknotes in circulation by denomination as a proportion of the total is as follows:
5 euro: 7.4 per cent of the total number of banknotes
10 euro: 10.2 per cent
20 euro: 16.0 per cent
50 euro: 49.2 per cent
100 euro: 13.8 per cent
200 euro: 2.7 per cent
500 euro: 0.7 per cent.

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Total value of banknotes in circulation by denomination


Whilst small denominations (5 and 10 euros) are used for micro-transactions and wear out quickly, denominations of 50 euros and above represent the true store of value for European cash.
€5: €10.7 billion (0.7 per cent of total value)
€10: 30.1 (1.9 per cent)
€20: 96.0 (6.0 per cent)
€50: 731.6 (45.5%)
100 euro: 402.3 (25.0 per cent)
200 euro: 172.8 (10.8 per cent)
500 euro: ~163.9 (10.2 per cent)

Here are the features of the various banknotes

The 5-euro note is the smallest denomination and the one that wears out the most; the 10-euro note is very common for everyday small transactions, whilst the 20-euro note is the second most common denomination for ATM withdrawals.

The 50-euro banknote is the mainstay of European cash, whilst the 100-euro note is growing rapidly in popularity, used as a store of value, whilst qthe 200-euro note is the least common denomination in circulation.

The 100-euro note has seen the fastest growth of any denomination over the last decade because it has gradually replaced the 500-euro note as the preferred means of holding long-term private savings (store of value).

 In 2015, the 500-euro note accounted for almost 30 per cent of the total value of money in circulation. Today, this figure has fallen to around 10 per cent because theECB has permanently ceased issuing the 500 euro note at the start of 2019 to combat illicit activities. The remaining banknotes are gradually being returned to central banks and destroyed. The 500 euro note will not form part of the new series due to be introduced around the end of 2026.

Between 2020 and 2022, there was an exceptional surge in the total value of banknotes in circulation (growth of close to 10 per cent per annum) because, during economic crises, people tend to hoard cash at home as a safe-haven asset.

From 2023 onwards, with the rise in interest rates on deposit accounts and the rapid digitalisation of payments, this growth has stabilised, whilst the overall volume has remained at record levels.

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