Asia

Bangladesh: police fire on protesters. Over 100 dead in student uprising

The movement was born out of exasperation at the lack of job prospects and a public sector recruitment system that favours a small minority of candidates

by Marco Masciaga

Aggiornato alle 16.55 di venerdì 19

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Veicoli date alle fiamme nelle strade di Dacca durante le manifestazioni studentesche contro il governo

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From our correspondent

NEW DELHI - Just months after the disputed elections that handed her a historic fourth consecutive term in office, the Bangladesh prime minister is facing her toughest challenge since being confirmed to lead the country. The threat comes from a movement of students exasperated by the lack of job prospects and a quota system in public sector recruitment that favours a small minority of young people at the expense of everyone else.

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Police fired at protesters in the capital Dhaka, as seen by an Afp journalist on the scene. At least one person was injured among the thousands of people present in the residential district of Rampura for a demonstration, which took place despite a curfew imposed by the government to contain the growing civil unrest.

The clashes between protesters, security forces and militants of the youth wing of the premier party began on Monday and have been growing in intensity day by day. According to hospital sources quoted by the Agence France-Presse the victims of the five days of clashes are already 105. The number of injured is estimated to be in the thousands. According to the local media, on Thursday alone 22 young people lost their lives in an attempt to impose a bandh, a kind of general strike typical of South Asian countries in which protesters forcibly block all economic activities.

Attempts by the government to quell the protest by ordering the closure of universities, suspending phone and internet services and blocking the broadcasting ofall news television channels have so far been to no avail. According to the Telecommunication Regulatory Commission, the blockade was due to an attack by protesters on a broadcasting centre. Among the targets in recent days has been the State TV headquarters. On Friday, the websites of the Central Bank, the Prime Minister and the Police were hacked by a group calling itself THE R3SISTANC3. 'Stop Killing Students', the sites read, 'It's not a protest anymore, it's a war now'. Calls to join the revolt follow.

Also on Friday, some students stormed the prison in the central district of Narsingdi, freeing 'hundreds' of inmates before setting it on fire. This was reported by a police official. "The inmates escaped from the prison and the protesters set fire to the prison," he said. "I don't know the exact number of detainees, but it would be in the hundreds." The clashes in recent days have not only taken place in the capital Dhaka, but in 47 of the 64 districts into which the country is divided.

The protesters demand the cancellation of a positive discrimination mechanism that favours relatives of those who took part in the country's struggle for independence from Pakistan back in 1971. Under the current rules, having had a freedom fighter in the family guarantees access to a 30% quota of jobs in the public sector. The quota reserved for family members of veterans is by far the largest of all those reserved for particular categories, 56% of state posts.

The issue of quotas is of great relevance because out of a population of approximately 170 million inhabitants, there are 32 million young people who neither have a job nor are studying to find one. The quota for relatives of veterans had been suspended, after more student protests, in 2018, but a court recently reintroduced it. In the coming weeks, the Supreme Court is expected to make a final ruling on the issue.

Despite the fact that the country's economy has been growing at a fast pace for a few years now, the public sector is also considered very attractive because it offers average higher salaries than the private sector. Every year about 400 thousand graduates take part in a public competition that offers 3 thousand public positions.

Bangladesh has been led since 2009 by the Awami League of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina - daughter of the father of the fatherland Sheikh Mujibur Rahman who was assassinated in a coup in 1975 - and is currently in its fifth term, the fourth consecutive one. The elections for the current Parliament were held in January in a strongly intimidating climate towards the opposition, which boycotted the vote.

The premier has openly spoken out in favour of the quota, officially because the veterans 'deserve the greatest respect' and has called on the students - whom she described as 'razakar', collaborationists - to suspend the unrest and wait for the Supreme Court ruling. The premier's opponents, however, point out that the quota mechanism for relatives of retirees disproportionately favours members of her own party, which was in the forefront of the independence struggle against West Pakistan at the time.

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