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Vatican: St Peter's Basilica enters virtual space with AI support

Project with Microsoft: with the creation of its 'virtual twin', St. Peter's can be explored in all its corners

by Carlo Marroni

La Basilica di San Pietro come non l’avete mai vista (con l’Intelligenza artificiale)

3' min read

3' min read

The Basilica of St. Peter enters virtual space through a digital model created with the support of artificial intelligence. St. Peter's Basilica and Microsoft are launching "St. Peter's Basilica: AI-Enhanced Experience", a new project that relies on cutting-edge technology to allow pilgrims and visitors from all over the world to admire and interact with the St. Peter's Basilica in its inaccessible parts.


In those, that is, that the human eye cannot see. "It will be possible to rediscover its history and its role as the heart of Christianity, as well as that of a precious treasure trove of art and culture for all mankind," a note informs. Microsoft was the central partner in the project. The project was instigated by the cardinal Mauro Gambetti, archpriest of the Basilica and President of the Fabbrica di San Pietro, who presented the project together with Brad Smith, Vice Chair and President Microsoft..

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La Basilica di San Pietro come non l’avete mai vista (con l’Intelligenza artificiale)

Photogallery25 foto

For three weeks, drones captured 400,000 images inside

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The genesis of the project goes back two years, involving the best international professionals with the valuable contribution of experts and scholars from the St. Peter's Factory.

For three weeks drones, cameras and lasers captured over 400,000 high-resolution images inside the Basilica, which were then used to create an ultra-precise 3D model, known as a digital twin.

Thus, the artificial intelligence generated images derived from photogrammetry data improved the visualisation of both the interior and exterior of the Basilica, helping experts and the public to explore the polychrome universe of the monument. Microsoft's AI for Good Lab processed the vast amount of photogrammetry data from Iconem's French team, perfecting the digital twin with millimetric precision. Artificial intelligence algorithms filled in the gaps, improved the details and created a seamless virtual reconstruction.

Gambetti: defined a plan for communicating an 'outgoing basilica'

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"We have come to define a coordinated plan of services and communication activities for an 'outgoing Basilica'," explains Cardinal Mauro Gambetti. "In recent years, we have faced the splendid challenge of the relationship between man and technology with the spirit of fraternity, which has animated important collaborations based on circularity, of skills, points of view and means, with the common goal of fostering the human growth of people. In this way, we were able to structure an information system for the Factory, put an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) at the service of the Offices, and start the process of computerising document, archive and human resources management; in addition, we realised the first step of the Building Information Modeling (BIM) of the Basilica'.

"Then," adds the archpriest of the Basilica and president of the Fabbrica di San Pietro, "platforms and apps have been created to offer services to pilgrims and visitors in order to favour their experience in St. Peter's; and the meanings guarded by the monumental complex have been made more comprehensible - through multimedia languages, the use of Artificial Intelligence and the proposal of training courses".

Father Fortunato: on 25 November we will present the Basilica's communication plan

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"Artificial intelligence allows us to admire this Basilica in a unique and innovative way never seen before," said Brad Smith, vice chairman and president of Microsoft. "This partnership, which combines institutions and technological innovation, has created a memorable experience for all those who want to learn more about the history and significance of this extraordinary place.

"When we have an inspiration, it is as if a light is turned on. And this project, I hope, will turn on many lights in the world. Thus, with the Basilica in the digital space, a new process of communication begins, with a new work of art that continues on the path of those who have worked on the beauty of the message that starts from the heart of Christianity," says Father Enzo Fortunato, Director of Communication of St. Peter's Basilica, who anticipates: "On 25 November we will present, together with the Cardinal Archpriest, in agreement with the competent bodies, the communication plan of St. Peter's Basilica.

"We have been animated by a desire that is not simply aesthetic or linked to a technological innovation," explains Microsoft project coordinator Father Francesco Occhetta. "Many people are looking for a sacred space where they can find themselves before God, and the digital reconstruction of the Basilica will be able to help this encounter in every corner of the world. For this reason, this 3D vision reconnects the sacred architecture to the body of St. Peter and represents an extension of it'.

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