When longevity changes the world of work: why age management is becoming a key skill
Demographic change is reshaping the way in which organisations plan their structure, career paths and skills development. Having multiple generations in the workplace calls for new approaches to leadership and human capital management
Key points
For decades, the organisational model of businesses has been based on a linear structure: entry into the world of work, career progression, and exit from the labour market. Demographic change is challenging this paradigm, making it necessary to rethink the relationship between people, skills and organisations.
Longevity is no longer merely a social or pension-related issue, but represents a strategic factor for the economy. Increased life expectancy, falling birth rates and the gradual evolution of the workforce are changing the composition of organisations and the way in which companies must manage increasingly complex career paths.
How demographics influence business strategies
Change is already underway. According to the CNEL-Istat 2025 Bulletin, over 40 per cent of the Italian working population consists of workers aged over 50.
This trend is set to intensify in a country where the decline in the birth rate, which began in the 1970s, means not only a reduction in the number of young people, but also a future shortage of workers in the age group most likely to be entering the labour market.
Istat’s projections indicate that by 2050 the number of people in employment could fall from the current 24 million to around 21 million. To cope with this scenario, it will be necessary to increase women’s participation in the labour market and, at the same time, make better use of the contribution of older workers for longer.

