Employment outside prison

Work for prisoners, three steps for the tax bonus to companies

31 October is the deadline to submit the application for tax credits to the institutions tax credit, by 15 November the documents to the Dap

IMAGOECONOMICA

4' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

4' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

Three deadlines: 31 October, the first one, and then 15 November and 15 December. These are the dates of the annual appointment for companies wishing to hire workers subject to imprisonment. A possibility introduced by the Smuraglia law (Law 193 of 2000), which provides for tax and social security contribution benefits for companies that choose to hire prisoners or inmates in penal institutions, as well as persons admitted to work outside according to Article 21 of the Prison Order, and persons in semi-release.

The starting point, a fundamental prerequisite, is that in order to access the fiscal and contributory benefits the company must first enter into an agreement with the prison of reference, guarantee a contract of employment for a minimum duration of 30 days, and ensure remuneration in accordance with the national collective agreements. But how many inmates are workers?

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The numbers

Attualmente, stando al secondo report Recidiva zero realizzato dal Censis per il Cnel, le persone in carcere che possono lavorare sono 21.235; di queste la parte più consistente, ovvero 18.063 persone, lavora alle dipendenze dell’amministrazione penitenziaria, il resto invece, pari a 3.172 detenuti, per aziende e cooperative esterne. Fra le tipologie di lavoro in cui sono impegnati i lavoranti detenuti, si registra, dunque, una concentrazione nei servizi d’istituto (il 70,7% è impegnato in questa tipologia), mentre il 5,4% lavora in istituto per conto di cooperative o imprese, il 5,3%, essendo in regime di semilibertà, lavora in proprio o per conto di datori di lavoro esterni e il 5% si occupa della manutenzione dei fabbricati. Una ripartizione che fotografa un percorso ancora tutto da compiere, se pur all’interno di un contesto in miglioramento.

In the last twenty years, from 2004 to 2024 in fact, the total number of working inmates rose from 14,686 (equal to 26.6% of the inmates) to 21,235 (equal to 34.3%). The breakdown of the data at regional level and by type of work shows, first of all, a greater number of work opportunities in regions such as Trentino-Alto Adige, with a level of involvement on the total number of inmates in the region equal to 71.2%, in Friuli-Venezia Giulia (52.5%), in Tuscany (50.3%). Further away from the national average (34.3%) is the participation rate in regions such as Basilicata (23.5%), Lazio (26.8%), Campania (26.9%).

If this is the picture, measures that set an incentive perimeter are a concrete help, starting with thetax credit.

Fiscal benefits

In other words, companies that hire prisoners or inmates pursuant to Article 21 of the Prison Ordinance can obtain a tax credit for each worker hired, within the limits of the cost incurred, of EUR 520 per month, which is reduced to EUR 300 per month in the case of hiring semi-liberated persons. For workers hired on a part-time basis, the tax credit is payable in proportion to the number of hours worked.

The tax credit is also available, if the employment relationship started while the subject was 'restricted', for the 18 months following the end of detention for prisoners and inmates whohave benefited from semi-freedom or outside employment and for the 24 months following the end of detention in the case of prisoners and inmates who have not benefited from semi-freedom or outside employment. The same relief applies to undertakings carrying out training activities provided that the training period is followed by immediate employment for a minimum time corresponding to three times the training period for which the undertaking has benefited from the relief.

The deadlines

Per poter usufruire del credito d’imposta, le aziende convenzionate con gli istituti devono presentare, entro il 31 ottobre di ogni anno, un’apposita istanza alla direzione dell’istituto, indicando l’ammontare complessivo del credito d’imposta di cui intendono fruire per l’anno successivo, includendo nella somma anche il periodo post detentivo e quello dedicato all’attività di formazione. Le direzioni inviano successivamente le istanze ai provveditorati regionali i quali, a loro volta, devono inoltrarle al Dipartimento dell’amministrazione penitenziaria entro il 15 novembre. Quest’ultimo, entro il 15 dicembre, determina l’importo massimo spettante a ogni singolo soggetto richiedente e trasmette all’agenzia delle Entrate l’elenco degli aventi diritto con l’ammontare degli sgravi concessi a ciascuna azienda beneficiaria. L’elenco viene poi pubblicato sul sito www.giustizia.it.

Contributory advantages

In addition, companies can benefit from a 95% reduction in both their own and their workers' shares of the compulsory social security and welfare contributions due to the prisoners or internees they employ. These contribution reductions also apply for 18 months after the end of the worker's detention in the case of prisoners and internees who have benefited from semi-release or external employment - provided that the hiring took place while the worker was admitted to semi-release or external employment - and for 24 months after the end of their detention in the case of prisoners and internees who have not benefited from semi-release or external employment, provided that the employment relationship started while the person was in prison.

The reimbursement of the charges deriving from the reduction of the contribution is made on the basis of an appropriate statement to be submitted to Inps, which will recognise the reimbursement on the basis of the chronological order in which the applications are submitted by the employers.

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