Meeting with the press

Zelensky: 'I want my country to stop being afraid when you hear a plane fly'

On his second day in Italy, the Ukrainian president met with a group of Italian editors and columnists, with the aim of sharing the story of his country at war for 925 days more directly with the public

TOPSHOT - Ukraine's President, Volodymyr Zelensky gestures as he delivers a speech on the opening day of the 50th edition of The European House-Ambrossetti forum, called "Intelligence on the World, Europe, and Italy" at Villa d'Este on lake Como in Cernobbio, northern Italy, on September 6, 2024. The annual three-day event brings together senior figures in business and industry from both Italy and abroad, alongside diplomats and members of government. (Photo by Piero CRUCIATTI / AFP)

6' min read

6' min read

In yet another night of war, Shahed drones woke up the inhabitants of Kiev shortly after three o'clock: the Iranian-made devices arrived in the very centre of the city, with the remains of the downed drones ending up in front of the entrance to the Verkhovna Rada, the Ukrainian parliament. Anti-aircraft fire went into action in 11 regions of the country: a very different noise from that caused by the Frecce Tricolori that flew over the Villa d'Este in Cernobbio on Saturday morning to 'greet' the Forum of The European House Ambrosetti. "I want to come back to this," Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelensky remarked, "to no longer being afraid when you hear planes flying.

On his second day in Italy, which began in Cernobbio with an interview with Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni, Zelensky met with a group of Italian editors and columnists precisely with the intention - as moderator Monica Maggioni recalled - of sharing the story of his country at war for 925 days more directly with the public. To recount this tragedy from the inside and explain the reasons for the decisions taken, the expectations for the future, the prospects for peace. The meeting, organised by Tg1, is available on RaiPlay.

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The reasons for the raid on Kursk

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'With President Meloni,' Zelensky explained, shifting his gaze to the future, 'we talked about the preparations for the Conference on the Reconstruction of Ukraine that will take place next year in Rome: we want to prepare well, to develop concrete contents'. The present, however, is war: and an offensive on Russian territory that does not have the support of everyone in Italy. 'We have no problems with relations with Italy,' Zelensky explains in response to a question from Maurizio Molinari, editor of Repubblica. However, the president goes over the circumstances that led him to order Operation Kursk: 'It was a preventive attack. After the attempt to reach Kharkiv, we learned from the intelligence services that the Russians would attempt the occupation of Sumy, in the north of the country. Vladimir Putin had said he wanted to create a 'buffer zone', and we are talking about cities with hundreds of thousands of inhabitants. We stopped them, we have the right to do so'.

Zelensky seems particularly eager to explain to the public the meaning of the incursion: 'Putin is not interested in how far the war will go,' he says in response to a question from Giuseppe De Bellis, director of Sky Tg24. With his weapons he has violated the borders of Poland, Moldavia, Romania, even Belarus, which is his ally. Like Hitler, he is trying to widen the war and watch how we react. If we do not respond, he will feel his hands are free. I appeal to the people: please analyse the way he has reacted to our advance. He is not protecting his territory, he is not defending his citizens, all he cares about is that everything is OK in Moscow and St Petersburg. His goal remains to destroy Ukraine. And reconstitute the Soviet Union, because he knows no one will stop him. In Europe, international law prevails, we meet to decide: and he takes advantage of these long times'.

Western weapons versus bombs

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The Ukrainian president compares the Kremlin's indifference to the fate of the inhabitants of Kursk - as well as the Ukrainian cities bombed - with the assurance that Kiev forces have never attacked civilian targets. And what they propose to do, by asking Europe and the United States for permission to use Western weapons on Russian territory, is to destroy the military bases from which the raids on Ukraine start. "We are not going to hit civilians, we are talking exclusively about military logistics. They use the airports to kill, they drop 4,000 bombs a month, knowing that they will land on cities and hospitals. We need the long-range weapons we ask for to stop the bombs."

The weariness of ministers

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For Tg1, Oliviero Bergamini asks the motives behind the reshuffle that Zelensky concluded in the days before his trip to Europe. Were they dictated by internal tightness problems? 'The reshuffle,' Zelensky replies, 'is linked to the fact that the war continues. It is natural to get tired, but we cannot afford it: Ukraine cannot win if it gets tired. We cannot sleep if the population does not sleep because of the bombing. Changes allow us to bring new energy, and to stay ahead of the Russians. Their diplomacy, for example, is accelerating in Asia, we cannot slow down'.

The pitfalls of a ceasefire

And the diplomacy used by the Kremlin is also the one used by the Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban, the current president of the European Union present at Cernobbio. His trip to Kiev in early July was followed by surprise meetings with Putin, Chinese President Xi Jinping, and US candidate Donald Trump. Central to Orban's considerations is the need to prioritise a ceasefire followed by the start of negotiations. Responding to Corriere della Sera columnist Federico Fubini, Zelensky explains why it is an insidious point of view by recalling previous agreements made with Putin in 2019: as part of the 'Normandy format' that with the mediation of French President Emmanuel Macron and Angela Merkel, then German Chancellor, had led to the Minsk Agreements.

Perspectives of peace

'The agreement didn't work,' Zelensky points out, 'after defining it they continued to attack, even though it wasn't a real war at the time. Then Putin launched the large-scale invasion, despite having told everyone he would not do so. This is worth his word. At the beginning of the invasion we managed to stop them, and now we see who the Russian soldiers are: cannon fodder, untrained people who are filling our country with blood. A ceasefire would give Putin a chance to rebuild his forces'.

"But if international pressure pushed Putin to suspend the bombing," asked the editor of Sole 24 Ore, Fabio Tamburini, "would you be willing to sit at the peace table? 'Speaking of compromises,' Zelensky replies, 'there are things that the constitution does not give me the right to do: the population will not allow forgiveness, giving Putin 30% of occupied territory. An agreement on ending the war is not an ultimatum: he started it, he has to take the first steps, to show the world that he wants to end it'.

Zelensky rather entrusts the chances of a peace agreement to the plan he intends to present at the end of September to Joe Biden and the two presidential candidates, Trump and Kamala Harris. 'The support of the partners is very important for us,' he replied to Andrea Malaguti, editor of La Stampa. 'It is a very delicate moment, and we cannot remain alone'. But that same plan, the Ukrainian president points out, will be delivered to everyone, including the Russian Federation: 'Let them read it, if they are willing to follow it, at least in small steps'.

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The pressure of Russian citizens

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"One of the objectives of the incursion into Kursk is to have one more card in the strategy to reach an agreement. Can it work? Have you anticipated any part of your peace plan to Washington?" asks Tamburini. We have not shared anything at the moment,' Zelensky replies. 'But the Americans have realised that in the plan we are not only talking about weapons, but about the conditions Ukraine will be in at the end of the war. The defence package will be a strong deterrent, but we will also talk at several points about the economy'.

Operation Kursk, Zelensky continues, has achieved its first results because our plan aims to push Russia to end the war through diplomacy. "The goal is therefore to put pressure on Putin also from the Russian population, which is wondering why he is not defending them. Let's see how they will react."

Who will sign the peace

Will he be in his position when the war ends?" they ask again. 'Let's not talk about positions, that's the last thing I'm interested in,' Zelensky replies. 'I didn't want to get into politics, but I wanted to help my country. Like soldiers who leave their lives on the battlefield. Did they want to become soldiers? In life there are moments of choice: now we have to do what we can to end the war. And it doesn't matter who it will be, to sign that document'.

 

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