Information

Maps, air routes and fact checking: when data tell the story of conflicts

From World Monitor to Osint tools, public sources reshape intelligence and journalism: platforms aggregate news in real time

by Michela Finizio and Luca Salvioli and Luca Tremolada

FOTO D'ARCHIVIO: In questa illustrazione, scattata il 22 giugno 2025, è raffigurata una mappa dello Stretto di Hormuz. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustrazione//Foto d'archivio REUTERS

5' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

5' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

Artificial intelligence is doing to information what the GPS did to paper maps: it has not eliminated them, but it has changed the way of orientation forever. It has changed the compass and, rather than indicating North, it seems to vibrate in all directions, offering a continuous stream of signals, data and information. Open sources that can be used, analysed, aggregated and communicated.

Thus were born portals such as World Monitor, which brings together multiple signals: air routes (ADS-B systems), ship traffic (AIS signals from commercial vessels), fires detected by the satellites of the European Copernicus programme and network blackouts monitored by NetBlocks. Taken one by one these data say little. Taken together they build a narrative, one of the most shared geopolitical visualisations of the moment to follow the development of the war between Israel, the US and Iran. The brainchild of Lebanese entrepreneur and programmer Elie Habib, it shows what is happening in the world almost in real time.

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This is just one example of how the new frontier of Osint (open source intelligence) can support information, using open and public sources. Other examples include the geolocation of videos in war zones, the analysis of aircraft and ship movements, or tracking via photos on social media.

Changes in editorial staff

Thus, visual investigation teams are taking shape in newsrooms, groups of experts who combine traditional journalism with digital investigation and forensic analysis of visual evidence to verify facts and find news. It happens at the New York Times, the Washington Post or the Financial Times. The experience of Bellingcat, an organisation founded in 2014 by British journalist Eliot Higgins, which, with Osint tools and methodologies, conducts investigations into war crimes, human rights violations and corruption, known around the world, also goes in this direction.

In recent years, these tools have been instrumental in uncovering the truth about certain news events during the conflict between Russia and Ukraine or the escalation of violence between Israel and Hamas. Theopen source technologies have revolutionised the way wars are observed through a progressive 'democratisation of intelligence'. So much so that today access to geospatial data and satellite images has become a strategic factor for states. The recent recruitment campaign of the Italia Department of Information for Security (Dis) explicitly hunted for cyber experts, cryptographers and Osint analysts: applications were open until last Friday.

Behind the development of these data intelligence platforms is another less visible but decisive change: the way these tools are built. Developers call it vibe coding. A light label for a heavy change. For developers, it does not mean writing less code, but writing it more simply. Where before it took weeks and dedicated teams, today it only takes a few days and one person capable of interrogating APIs (computer interfaces for data exchange) and algorithms well. And the code thus becomes a new prototype.

Technology, as is often the case, is the true facilitator that makes previously distant data and information accessible. The crux, then, remains editorial: one must choose the right data, assess its reliability, avoid misleading or propagandistic correlations. The risk is to construct visually convincing but fragile narratives.

Complicating the picture is the evolution of images. Thesatellite photographs, for years considered almost objective evidence, are entering a grey area. Artificial intelligence allows minimal changes that are difficult to detect. No longer obvious fakes, but credible micro-manipulations. This moves journalistic work into more complex terrain. It is not enough to verify a source. One has to cross-check it, compare it. The verification returns to being a multi-level, almost investigative process.

In this scenario, making communication or information changes in nature. It is not enough to collect data and tell stories, but to build environments. Dashboards, maps, interactive interfaces: not finished products, but open systems in which stories emerge.

It is a transition from craftsmanship to infrastructure. From visualisation to prototype of a new platform. Artificial intelligence, in practice, does not simplify information, but raises the bar. It lowers technical barriers, but raises cognitive ones. In a world where everything is traceable and everything is manipulable, the competitive advantage is not having more data, more sources, more maps. It is knowing how to read them, which ones to ignore and how to make them talk.

The Sun Initiative

Il Sole 24 ORE Professionale has developed a training offer in the field of journalism, designed to explore and exploit the new frontiers of communication in an original way. The offer embraces data journalism, the use of artificial intelligence, visual journalism, radio journalism and podcasts, with a focus on the technological dimension and internationalisation.

The course

The second edition of the course in Data, Visual Storytelling & AI Journalism of Il Sole 24 Ore Professionale is the result of teamwork with journalists from Il Sole 24 Ore and the editorial offices of Info Data and Lab24 with the aim of offering a comprehensive overview of the issues that are currently of extreme topical interest in journalistic communication, information and language in general and that are related to the collection, analysis, visualisation and representation of data and integration with artificial intelligence.

The structure

The course can be purchased as an entire course or as a modular course. The lectures will be held on the Il Sole 24 Ore Professional platform, but the last meeting of each module will be held in person at the offices of Il Sole 24 Ore in Milan.

The three modules DataJournalism, Visual storytelling and Ai Journalism can be purchased together (EUR 3,200 plus VAT, on launch offer at EUR 2,500 plus VAT and for the under-30s at EUR 1,900 plus VAT), or individually (each at EUR 1,300 plus VAT). There will be 18 meetings in all (6 for each module), from April to the end of June, and they will be held on Fridays (16:00 - 19:00) and Saturdays (10:00 - 17:00) in live streaming mode.

The workshops

The three modules will each conclude with a final workshop that will take place in person in Milan at the offices of Sole 24 Ore in Viale Sarca: the first, together with the Quality of Life team, will lead to the creation of an index on a provincial basis; the second will focus on the creation of a multimedia project, together with the Lab24 office; the third, together with the authors of the Infodata blog, will explore new editorial opportunities generated by artificial intelligence.

The recipients

Staff from marketing and communications departments of companies, marketing departments of professional firms and consultancies, media centres, press offices, analysts, communications agencies, data analysts, journalists and editorial staff.

For info and registration

The route sheet is available here. 

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