Interview

'Artificial intelligence alone is not enough: skills, governance and culture are needed'

The analysis by Chiara Sgarbossa, head of the Politecnico di Milano's Digital Health Observatory, between opportunities and grey areas

by Francesca Cerati

(Adobe Stock)

2' min read

2' min read

Artificial intelligence has entered the drug life cycle and the doctor-patient relationship. But the real transformation requires more than technology. Chiara Sgarbossa, director of the Milan Polytechnic's Life Science Innovation Observatory, guides us through the numbers, trends and criticalities of the sector.

Let's start with generative Ai. What solutions do Italian pharmaceutical companies use? .

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Most use generalist generative Ai (60%), while 36% have already developed ad hoc solutions, using their own data. This is a good sign, but there is a need to increase the use of corporate tools in order to have the most reliable answers possible, protect corporate know-how and create competitive advantage.

Are the current standards sufficient?

Today, the Ai Act is the main reference regulation. The Ema has published a reflection paper, but these are guidelines, not obligations. There is a need to raise awareness within companies, especially about sensitive data and the responsibilities of using AI in work activities.

Only 38% have a central budget for digital innovation. Is this a limitation?

Yes, because it is a sign of fragmented governance of digital innovation. Budgets are often distributed among functions, without central direction.

Does the lack of funds or lack of competence weigh more heavily?

These two aspects are linked: without skills, the budget does not bring effective results; but without resources, skills cannot be expressed. Those who invest should also train in order to ground the innovation.

Where is the training?

78% have already trained staff on Ai, 63% on prompts. But an ethical and responsible use of Ai is also needed, with awareness of its limitations, such as the risk of hallucinations.

The DTx regulation in Italy is still under discussion. What do you think?

A single text combining the previous three proposals has been presented. This is an important step because it provides a definition of DTx and regulates how they are to be evaluated, providing for the establishment of a national committee to guide their inclusion in the Essential Levels of Care (LEA).

Are doctors ready to prescribe DTx?

45% would do so, but the percentage rises to 60% among those who know the difference between DTx and health apps. The more aware and educated one is, the greater the propensity.

Are stand-alone DTxs destined to disappear?

No, but the future is hybrid: the integration of drug and digital therapy is the growing model, especially for chronic conditions, where the behavioural aspect is decisive.

In summary: are technologies enough to innovate?

No. Ai and digital are powerful tools, but governance, skills and culture are needed. Only then does innovation become real transformation.

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