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The legacy of Guglielmo Marconi and the click that lit up the world

At Villa Griffone, near Bologna, another stage in the celebrations for the 150th anniversary of Guglielmo Marconi's birth. 2025 is dedicated to the first wireless signal, in 1895

by Andrea Biondi

Guglielmo Marconi ( 25 April 1874 – 20 July 1937 ) Original edition from my own archives
Source : Gartenlaube 1899
Drawing : J. K. Stieler from 1828

4' min read

4' min read

There is a click that continues to resonate. Not on a screen, but in the ether. A dry sound, like a gunshot (also because, in fact, it was a gunshot). It was 1895 and from an attic in Villa Griffone - in Pontecchio Marconi, a stone's throw from Bologna - a young 21-year-old was changing history. Guglielmo Marconi transmitted his first wireless signal, which went over the Celestini hill and reached his brother Alfonso, lurking beyond with a rifle. That gunshot served to confirm that what had hitherto been invisible, inaudible, unimaginable - waves travelling through the air - had just become reality.

Today, 130 years later, that click has become global infrastructure. And at Villa Griffone, now the headquarters of the Guglielmo Marconi Foundation, the beginning of modern communication was celebrated a few days ago with a day that is both a tribute and a look ahead: towards satellites, artificial intelligence, space.

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"We believe it is our duty," said the Undersecretary for Culture, Lucia Borgonzoni, "to make the name of Guglielmo Marconi and the echo of his revolutionary intuitions resound more and more, especially among the younger generations. The Ministry recognises in this celebratory day, full of events designed to underline the furrow left by the passage of the Bolognese genius through history, a further important opportunity to remember the talent of a great Italian to whom we all owe so much".

"Marconi Day is a special moment each year to celebrate not only Guglielmo Marconi's pioneering vision and extraordinary entrepreneurial spirit, but also to recognise the timeless value of his scientific and cultural legacy," explains Giulia Fortunato, President of the Marconi 150 National Committee.

A Life for Waves

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Guglielmo Marconi was born in 1874. He was not interested in theorising: he wanted to see if it worked. He had read Maxwell and Hertz, of course, and studied with Augusto Righi and Vincenzo Rosa, but his method was all empirical. Experiments, failures, intuitions. Absolute pragmatism. From his attic, he moved on to the villa grounds, then across the ocean. And finally to win a Nobel Prize, in 1909.

In the first experiment that today is remembered as the birth of wireless, Marconi used a ten-metre long vertical antenna connected to a high voltage generator. The signal, transmitted via a crude but effective system, was received by an apparatus that included the coherer, a small tube with metal powders that reacted to electromagnetic fields. Simple, almost rudimentary. But effective. Wireless communication was born.

From Pontecchio to Space

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'Villa Griffone,' adds Giulia Fortunato, 'is not just a historical monument. It has become a hub of scientific dissemination, a forge of innovation, capable of inspiring new generations to look beyond, towards the future of telecommunications and wireless technologies'. On the occasion of 'Marconi Day', three new exhibition rooms were inaugurated, one of which houses a model of the Sentinel-1 satellite, on loan from the European Space Agency. It is a sign - in the broadest sense - of continuity between the home experiment of 1895 and the global space network that today governs much of our lives: navigation, communications, security.

"In 2024, the first year of activity of the Foundation's new presidency, Villa Griffone recorded a 76% increase in visitors and the public: a significant figure, the result of the many initiatives promoted and the commitment shared with the National Committee," the president added, recalling that the celebrations of Guglielmo Marconi have been planned over a three-year period: 2024-26 (in honour of his birth and the first wireless signal in 2024 and 2025 and the 125th anniversary of the first transoceanic signal and the 130th anniversary of the first patent in 2026).

The legacy to pass on to the young

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'What we wanted,' the Committee chairwoman concludes, 'is also to involve young people. We must bring the younger generations closer and closer to the knowledge of Guglielmo Marconi's scientific legacy". During the day, Elettra Marconi - the inventor's daughter and honorary president of the Foundation - then presented the 21st Century Marconist and Creativity Awards. Two awards to those who, today, embody the same pioneering attitude: betting on the unknown.

Today, Villa Griffone has become a museum and research centre. There are new rooms, multimedia instruments, satellite models. But the real strength of the place remains that original click. The strength of a simple, visionary gesture: trying to get a message across where no one thought it could reach. Today we take it for granted that a voice can travel from one continent to another, that a drone receives a command from hundreds of kilometres away, that a satellite monitors an entire area of the earth in real time. But if today we live immersed in an ecosystem of digital connections, satellites, clouds and instant streaming, we owe it to that act of constructive disobedience, the child more of vision than of academic science.

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