The recipe

IMF proposal: appointment of a 'tsar' to complete the European single market

The Monetary Fund's number one, Kristalina Georgieva, proposes that Europe appoint a special envoy 'with real authority' to implement reforms, and chastises the Twenty-Seven: 'Enough rhetoric, it's time to act'. The global economy is holding up better than expected, also because a trade war has been avoided on tariffs. Reminder to the United States: 'Lower the public deficit

by Gianluca Di Donfrancesco

La direttrice generale dell’Fmi, Kristalina Georgieva  (EPA)

3' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

3' min read

Translated by AI
Versione italiana

"A 'tsar' to relaunch Europe: this is the proposal, or perhaps the provocation, of the number one of the International Monetary Fund, Kristalina Georgieva, to shake up a Union that is too passive and risks falling further and further behind in the new and turbulent international context.

Complete European Project

On 8 October, in her customary speech preceding the October meetings of the IMF and the World Bank, scheduled for next week, Georgieva scolded Europe: "Enough with the rhetoric on how to increase competitiveness, you know what needs to be done. It is time to act," and called for consideration of "the appointment of a single market czar," who would, however, be "endowed with real authority to carry out reforms," Georgieva stressed, "the ones long suggested by the IMF: "Lifting border restrictions on the labour market, on trade in goods and services, on energy and finance," and "Building a single European financial system. Building an energy union.

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In a nutshell: 'Completing the European project' and catching up with the dynamic US private sector. The Fund's number one does not mention them explicitly, but the reference to the much-discussed and acclaimed plans drawn up by Mario Draghi and Enrico Letta is quite obvious.

"A picture can say more than a thousand words: that of the seven US mega-companies, none of which existed 51 years ago, outperforming similar European companies in terms of market capitalisation".

Just two days earlier, on 6 October, the president of the ECB, Christine Lagarde, who preceded Georgieva at the helm of the IMF, had in turn reprimanded the Union, speaking at the Europarliament, pointing out that one year after the presentation of the Draghi report on competitiveness, the reforms have remained a dead letter. And on 30 September, she had affirmed that "an increase of only 2% in internal trade in the Eurozone would be sufficient to compensate for the loss of exports to the United States caused by tariffs". Governments, she had added, "must implement the reforms outlined in the Draghi and Letta reports".

The global economy holds up

For Georgieva, 'uncertainty is the new normal', the result of profound transformations in international relations, technologies, demography and the result of the ever-increasing damage we inflict 'on our planet'.

Against this backdrop, the global economy is holding up 'better than feared, but worse than needed'. The data will be released and explained next week, but Georgieva anticipates that in the IMF's forecasts, 'global growth will slow only slightly this year and next'. In 2024, global GDP had risen by 3.3%. In April, the Fund estimated a slowdown to 2.8% in 2o25 and 3% in 2026, far below the pre-pandemic (2000-19) average of 3.7%.

The world economy, in short, has withstood the severe strains generated by multiple shocks. The US is also holding up, Georgieva pointed out, despite recession fears raised by some experts in recent months.

Among the factors explaining the resilience of the global economy, Georgieva cited the impact of tariffs, which had been more contained than expected, thanks to the ability (especially of the US trading partners) to avoid a spiral of retaliation, which could have led to a trade war. An implicit acknowledgement of the agreement that Brussels had painstakingly reached with Washington.

U.S. imbalances

Also explicit are the recommendations to the US, where private consumption and the public deficit are high and the current account deficit is at levels not seen since the early 2000s.

The IMF recommends lowering the deficit of the federal government, which is on a trajectory 'to exceed the historical maximum reached since the Second World War'. And then incentives are needed to increase household savings.

Speaking of the US, Georgieva pointed out that the opportunities for young people to earn more than their parents 'continue to diminish', a source of unease that has contributed to 'the political revolution that is taking place now, reshaping trade, immigration and many other international structures'.

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