The no vote in the referendum on justice won with over 53% of the vote, driven by the big cities. But three regions (Veneto, Lombardy and Friuli Venezia Giulia) bucked the trend and said yes. This is the map that emerges after the referendum round on 22 and 23 March.
Where the yes vote won (against the trend)
In Veneto the yes vote has 58.41%. The no vote (41.59%) is more than 16 points behind. The script is the same in Lombardy: the yes vote is at 53.56%; the no vote at 46.44% (more than seven points apart). In Friuli Venezia Giulia, the 'yes' vote reached 54.47%, against the 'no' vote's 45.53% (more than eight points difference).
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Big cities say no
The big cities said no instead. In Rome (2,584 sections counted out of 2,599), the percentage was 60.28% (39.72% yes vote counted). In Milan (1,243 out of 1,249 polled sections) the no vote closed at 58.32% (41.68% for the yes vote). In Turin (918 out of 919 polled sections) 64.77% voted no, against 35.23% who said yes. Descending already, in Bologna (442 out of 445 polled sections) the no vote closed at 68.15%, against 31.85% for the yes vote (more than 36 points difference). In Florence (360 sections completed) 66.57% said no, against 33.43% yes (over 33 percentage points difference). Going further down, in Naples (882 sections counted out of 883), 75.49% of those who voted said no, against 24.51% of those who voted yes (about fifty percentage points difference). In Bari (all 344 sections were counted) 62.80% said no, against 37.20% yes. In Palermo, when all 600 sections were counted, the no vote was 68.94%, the yes vote 31.06%.
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Below, in a nutshell, is a summary of the trends that emerged at regional level.
Abruzzo
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Turnout at 60%, with peaks of 70% in eleven municipalities. The No vote was close to 52%, and in the capital L'Aquila it was 52.3%, although in the province as a whole the Yes vote prevailed.
Basilicata
Turnout at 53.2%. For the No vote 60% of voters, against 40% for the Yes. Percentage also confirmed in the capital Potenza, while in Matera the No vote reached 68.2%.
Calabria
Penultimate in turnout with 48.3%. The No vote won with 57.2% and in the capital Catanzaro exceeded 60%. In Reggio Calabria, instead, the Yes vote won with 50.8%.
Campania
Turnout at 50.3%. A crushing victory for the No vote with 65.2% and an absolute record among regional capitals for Naples, where the No vote won by 75.4%.
Emilia Romagna
Record turnout with 66.6%. The No vote won with 57.2% and in Bologna obtained 68.1%. In the provinces of Ferrara and Piacenza, the Yes vote prevailed, but only in one provincial capital: in the city of Piacenza with 51.2%.
Friuli Venezia Giulia
Turnout at 61.6%. It is one of the three regions where the Yes vote wins, with 54.4%. But the No prevails in all the capital cities, and in the provinces of Trieste and Gorizia.
Lazio
Turnout at 61.7%. The No vote won with 54.5% and in Rome it won with 60%. The Yes vote, on the other hand, won all the other capital cities.
Liguria
62.2% turnout. The No vote wins with 57%. The Yes vote prevails in the province of Imperia but not in the capital city. In Genoa, the No vote was 64%.
Lombardy
Turnout at 63.7%. It is the Region that leads the Yes vote with 53.5%. The No, however, dominates in the city and province of Milan.
Marches
Turnout at 63.7%. Against the reform 53.7%, in Ancona the No vote peaks at 61.5%. The Yes vote prevails in the province of Macerata alone, but not in the capital city.
Molise
Turnout at 54%. The No vote exceeded the Yes vote with 54.7% and in the city of Campobasso it reached 58.6%.
Piedmont
Turnout at 62.6%. The No vote stood at 53.5%, dragged by Turin and its province. The Yes vote dominated in all the other provinces, with Vercelli coming out on top with 55.7% of votes in favour of the reform.
Puglia
Turnout at 52%. The No vote won with 57.1% of the votes, in the city of Bari and its province it exceeded 60%.
Sardinia
Turnout at 52.8%. The No vote was close to 60% and in the regional capital, Cagliari, it exceeded it, standing at 61.2%.
Sicily
Black jersey for turnout with 46.1%. The No vote goes beyond 60% and in Palermo it breaks through with 68.9%.
Tuscany
Second in turnout with 66.2%. Good victory for the No vote with 58.1%. In Florence, exploit of the opponents to the reform, they are 66.5%.
Trentino Alto Adige
Voter turnout at 52.4%. The No vote won by a whisker, stopping at 50.5%. But in the city of Trento it was a clear victory with 60%.
Umbria
Third region for turnout with 65%. The No vote wins with 51.6% and in Perugia it exceeds 55%.
Valle d'Aosta
Turnout at 58.5%. The No vote won with 51.8% and in the city of Aosta it reached 55%.
Veneto
Turnout at 63.4%. The Yes vote won with 58.4%, but the No vote prevailed in five out of seven provincial capitals. In the city of Venice it stands at 55.1%.
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Milan and the Lombardy case
Other details emerge from some specific cases. In Milan, therefore, the no vote wins and in Lombardy the yes vote. This is the verdict in the region where Forza Italia and Lega were born and where the turnout far exceeded the national figure. Once all 9,258 sections had been counted, the turnout for the referendum was 63.75%. The city with the highest turnout was Bergamo with 65.25%, good results also in Brescia where 64.74% of voters voted and in Lecco (64.95%), even in Milan the figure exceeded 65%. In the province of Bergamo the yes vote won with over 60%, the same in Brescia, while in Varese it was over 55%. Taking the entire metropolitan city as a whole, the no vote exceeds 53%, in Milan city it reaches over 58%.
Genoa and Liguria
Liguria says 'no' to the justice reform with 416,683 votes against the confirmatory constitutional referendum (57.03%) compared to 313,935 'yes' votes (42.97%). A percentage of 'no' votes higher than the national average of 53.74%, with the province of Genoa leading the front of 'opponents' to the Nordio reform with over 247,000 'no' votes equal to 61.16% of the total compared to over 156,000 'yes' votes equal to 38.84%, followed by La Spezia with 58.851 'no' votes equal to 55.04% and by Savona with 69,218 'no' votes equal to 52.53%, while Imperia is the only Ligurian province where the 'yes' vote prevails with 46,160 votes equal to 52.76%, but surprisingly fails to win the municipality of Imperia stopping at 8,344 votes equal to 44.85%. With a final turnout of 62.24% equal to 734,968 voters, 2,865 void ballots, 1,475 blank ballots and 10 contested ballots, Liguria is above the national average turnout of 58.93% and in eighth place in the ranking of regions with the highest turnout behind Emilia Romagna, Tuscany, Umbria, Marche, Lombardy, Veneto and Piedmont.
Un’immagine dei festeggiamenti dopo la vittoria del no al referendum sulla giustizia (AP Photo/Gregorio Borgia)
Rome and Lazio
Rome leads the No vote victory in Lazio, also thanks to record turnout. The Yes vote won in the other provinces but failed to contain the shock wave in the capital. In Latium, the No vote in the constitutional referendum on justice reform was 54.58%, while the Yes vote stood at 45.42%. But the exploit is in the Capital where the No vote wins with 60.31% while the Yes vote stops at 39.69%. The reform wanted by the Meloni government was rejected in all the municipalities of Rome, even in the VI, the one in Tor Bella Monaca, the only one led by the centre-right. Here too, the No vote obtained 53.97%, a more contained result, also due to the lower turnout. The full house, with 67%, arrived in the 8th municipality (Appia Antica), where the No people went to vote en masse. The mobilisation of the centre-left against the reform, also called for by mayor Roberto Gualtieri, arrived with a record turnout: 64.26% of those eligible voted, and the 33.11% turnout of the 2023 regional elections seems a distant memory. Even in the province of Rome, the No vote won with 57.46% against 42.54% for the Yes vote. The picture changes in the other provinces, where the centre-right governs the provincial capitals and won the 2023 regional elections that put it in charge of the region. In Ciociaria, the Yes vote won with 52.53%, against 47.47% for the No vote, and in Frosinone the Yes vote exceeded 53%. Even in the province of Latina, the 'Yes' vote won with 53.54% against the 46.46% 'No' vote, and in the city of Latina, the 'Yes' vote reached 54.89%. In the province of Rieti, the Yes vote won with 53.13% against the No vote's 46.87%. The best proof of the 'Yes' vote was in Tuscia, with 56.33% compared to 43.67% for the 'No' vote. The record in Viterbo with 57.08%.
Florence and Tuscany
With a very high turnout at the polls (66.27%, second in Italy behind Emilia Romagna) and a clear result (58.16% for the No vote), Tuscany was one of the regions that drove the victory of the front against the constitutional reform on justice. With a turnout slightly higher than the 65.89% recorded for the 2020 constitutional referendum on cutting the number of parliamentarians, more than one million Tuscans voted No, a majority choice in all 10 provinces and all 10 capital municipalities. The same result, but different percentages, however: among the regional capitals, Livorno (67.32%) is the leader, followed by the city of Florence, where the No vote was a resounding 66.57%, but in the hinterland several municipalities exceeded 70%; a clear result also in other regional capitals that are also governed by the centre-right, such as Pisa (64.16%), Pistoia (59.08%), Siena (58.30%), Massa (56.20%) and Lucca (54.90%). The gap was much smaller in Arezzo (51.01%) and Grosseto (50.94%). In Prato, commissioned after the resignation of the PD mayor Ilaria Bugetti, the No vote won with 54.44%. Smiles for the Yes vote came from the islands, from some coastal municipalities such as Forte dei Marmi, Castiglione della Pescaia and Capalbio, and other centres such as Montecatini Terme.
L'Aquila and Abruzzo
At the end of counting in the 1,628 sections, in Abruzzo at the constitutional referendum the No vote obtained 315,440 votes and reached 51.77%, while the Yes vote stopped at 48.23% (293,838 preferences). At a provincial level, in the Pescarese area, the No vote reached 53.76%, in Chieti 52.86%, and in Teramo 52.51%. The only territory that bucked the trend was the province of L'Aquila: the No vote stopped at 47.52%, while the Yes vote reached 52.48%, unlike the capital city. The No vote won in L'Aquila city, with 52.39%, as in Pescara (55.49%), Teramo (53.17%) and Chieti (51.81%). That of the regional capital, led for two terms by the FdI mayor Pierluigi Biondi, is a figure that is causing discussion: here, where a record turnout in Abruzzo of 67.26% was recorded, administrative elections, which coincide with the political round, are scheduled in the spring of next year. The municipality with the highest turnout for the referendum is Fano Adriano, 250 inhabitants in the province of Teramo, with 76.39%. The lowest figure, on the other hand, is that of San Benedetto in Perillis, a village in the Aquila area with about one hundred souls. While the regional average is 60.51%, there are eleven municipalities in Abruzzo where the turnout exceeds 70%, while there are ten with a figure below 50%.
The Marches
A turnout of 63.77% well above the national figure (58.93%) and a clear prevalence of those against the justice reform with 53.74% of the votes. This is the picture of the voting for the constitutional referendum in the Marche region where, at the provincial level, the peaks of the No vote were recorded in the province of Ancona (58.35%) and in particular in the regional capital with 61.52%. While the provinces of Macerata and Fermo went against the trend with the victory of the Yes vote: 50.62% in Macerata and 50.31% in Fermo. Among the other provinces, in Pesaro Urbino the No vote broke through 54.24% (45.76% of the Yes vote) while in Ascoli Piceno it was 52.06%.
La Calabria
Calabria says no to the justice referendum. In the region led by the centre-right in Forza Italia traction - 30% of consensus at last year's regional elections - 57.26% of voters rejected the reform. The only province bucking the trend was Reggio Calabria, where the 'yes' vote prevailed with 53.10% of consensus (in the city, 50.81%) against the 46.90% against. Calabria did not shine in terms of participation, as it was second to last in terms of turnout with 48.37%. The province in which the victory of the no vote was clearest was Cosenza with 63.74%. Just below Catanzaro (59.51%) and Crotone (58.23%), while in Vibo Valentia, the no vote reached 56.99%. A figure that mirrors that of the regional capitals, with Cosenza city reaching 66.55% no.
