Generational indices

Quality of life by age group: Sondrio, Gorizia and Trento top for children, young people and the elderly

The survey presented at the Festival of Economics. The three rankings identify the provinces where children, young people and the elderly live best. The South at the back, big cities are bad for the under-35s

4' min read

4' min read

Sondrio for children, Gorizia for young people and Trento for the elderly. It is these three Italian provinces that guarantee a better quality of life for their respective age groups. And to triumph, accordingly, in the 2024 edition of the Sole 24 Ore Generational Indices. The Quality of Life of Children, Young People and the Elderly, now in its fourth edition, was previewed yesterday at the Festival of Economics in Trento: the rankings measure the responses of territories to the specific needs of the three most fragile and at the same time strategic generational targets, the services aimed at them and their living and health conditions.

LE CLASSIFICHE IN SINTESI

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Confirms and debuts at the top

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The Children's Quality of Life index prizes Sondrio which, compared to the 2022 edition, is the protagonist of a significant leap upwards (the abrupt changes in positioning can be attributed to the inclusion of new indicators), thanks to high positions in the indicators that photograph inadequate numerical and alphabetical competence - which in Valtellina is low - and in the Sport and Children index. Ravenna and Trieste are also on the podium, followed by Gorizia. On the other hand, it is Gorizia followed by Ravenna, already winner in 2023 and this year double silver medal winner, and Forlì Cesena.

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The top 10 of this index continues to be garrisoned by the provinces of Emilia-Romagna - those mentioned are joined by Ferrara and Piacenza - which, as in previous editions, confirm generally positive performances. Trento maintains firm leadership for quality of life of the elderly. Which sees a strong presence of the northern provinces at the top of the ranking, with the undisputed prevalence of three regions: Trentino Alto Adige, Lombardy and Veneto. Among the top ten ranked, in fact, there are three Lombardy provinces (Como, in second place, Cremona, in third place, and Lodi), four Veneto provinces (Treviso, Vicenza, Padua and Verona) in addition to the aforementioned Trento and Bolzano. Each of the synthetic indices is calculated on the basis of 12 statistical parameters, provided by certified sources (including ISTAT, Infocamere, Iqvia, SIAE, and the Ministry of the Interior) capable of narrating the level of well-being in the territories.

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Among the new items included this year are users of municipal social services and civic participation of the over-50s, this one processed by the Tagliacarne Study Centre, in the index dedicated to the elderly; transformations into open-ended contracts of existing labour relations and entrepreneurship under 35 for the youth index; the number of projects financed with NRP funds in education and users of municipal childcare services for the children index. This work, born as an experimental project and in the process of consolidation, although still limited by the lack of territorial data capable of recounting these specificities, will be included in the end-of-year ranking, the 35th Quality of Life.

See rankings, province by province

The South and big cities

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The generational indices, net of a few exploits, reveal dynamics that are by now consolidated in the 'distribution' of territorial wealth in Italy. Almost always, in fact, the southern provinces are at the bottom of the ranking (which, it must be said, in the case of the elderly, is closed again this year by Lucca). In line with previous editions, then, the survey by age group photographs average, if not low, performances of the large metropolitan areas. Which are particularly negative when it comes to the wellbeing of young people: with the exception of Bologna (14th place) and Florence (33rd), the large Italian cities are all positioned from about mid-range - with Milan, 45th in a strong rise compared to 2022 - onwards. Bari, Catania, Naples, Palermo and Rome (98th) record the worst scores.

I TREND

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National trends

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The historical series also reveals a number of trends that tell the story of the country. Which, numbers in hand, seems less and less able to take care of the youngest residents: the number of paediatricians is decreasing, with active professionals dropping from 17,257 in 2023 to 16,806 in 2024, touching a lower quota even than in 2022; substantially stable in 2023, numerical competence (+1.5% over 2022) or alphabetical competence (+0.2%) inadequate; crimes against minors are on the rise, with a +0.8% of complaints in 2022 over 2021.

Turning to young people, despite an improvement in conditions, this generation seems to remain stuck and with little initiative: on the one hand, youth unemployment is falling (-6.9 in 2023) and rents in relation to income are also decreasing (-12.2% in 2024), on the other hand, the under-35s are marrying less and less (-3.1% in 2023) and businesses with owners under 35 years of age in 2024 are down 3.2% compared to 2023. Entertainment-related businesses are also falling, by 2.9%. And the average age at birth continues to rise: 32.5 years in 2023. Lastly, the elderly: the consumption of anti-depressant drugs is increasing (+2.8%), geriatricians are on the rise (+1.5%); nurses are on the decline, down by about 10,000 in one year (-2.3% today compared to 2023).

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