Broken-down locomotive

Germany, so the Traffic Light goes haywire: Spd, Greens and Liberals in short order on growth

The leaders of the German government coalition are proposing conflicting initiatives and recipes to revive the crisis-ridden economy, while trade unions go on strike and large groups close plants or cancel investments. The competition between allies to recover electoral consensus jeopardises the Executive's stability

Il ministro delle Finanze tedesco Christian Lindner, il ministro dell’Economia Robert Habeck e il cancelliere Olaf Scholz

3' min read

3' min read

For the German government coalition, November threatens to be the cruellest of months. With the strikes called by Volkswagen workers, against the closure of factories in Germany, the economic crisis in the locomotive of Europe is taking one more turn, in a spiral that threatens to explode social tensions and political balances. The Semaphore parties, the Spd, the Greens and the Liberals, already seem to be campaigning, each with its own agenda and its own recipe. Each in search of a way out of the vertical collapse in consensus.

In the balance

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The vote is less than a year away: the polls will open on 28 September 2025, if the government led by Olaf Scholz makes it to its natural term. A huge 'if'. In the middle of next month, parliament will have to approve the budget manoeuvre, drafted by the majority parties amidst a thousand quarrels. There is still a hole of over 10 billion euro to be covered (which would increase with the latest spending proposals) and the debt brake, enshrined in the Constitution, complicates everything.

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The Liberals (Fdp) defend it, oppose subsidies and propose recipes centred on cutting red tape, in opposition to the incentives wanted by the Greens and the SPD. The Social Democrats seek resources to subsidise the energy costs of big industry and the purchase of electric cars. The Greens, then, are against backward steps on energy transition, which the Fdp is questioning.

The compromise will have to overcome friendly fire, as well as that of the Cdu and the Afd, the ultra-right that triumphed in the regional elections and is ready to use the weapons of anti-system propaganda to grow in consensus again.

Everyone for himself

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The day of Tuesday 29 October was emblematic. Social Democrat Chancellor Scholz summoned representatives of industry and trade unions. The (his) Finance Minister, Christian Lindner, leader of the Fdp, summoned SMEs and the professions. Like perfect separates, neither invited the other and both excluded the third partner, the Minister of Economics, the green Robert Habeck. Who, in turn, had the week before made a splendidly independent proposal for a multi-billion euro fund for Germany to modernise infrastructure and provide a 10% investment premium for all companies. A proposal ridiculed by the Liberals. And before that, it was Scholz who had attempted the breakthrough, announcing a 'pact for industry' two weeks earlier.

"By now, the three parties are only together by calculation, waiting to see whether they risk more by pulling the plug or dragging their feet until next autumn," notes a leading German manager. The 2025 manoeuvre will then be a decisive test. If the measure passes without too much damage, there may be no more time or interest in bringing down the executive. The three parties would dive into the election campaign, at the expense, however, of government action.

The most nervous are the Liberals: if all coalition forces lose ground in the polls, the Fdp travels under 5% and risks being out of parliament. Among the three leaders, Lindner seems the one most tempted by the hypothetical advantages of a break-up. It is not an easy move in Germany, at least in the Germany that has been seen so far: the German electorate appreciates stability and could punish those who bring down the government at such a delicate moment, also on the international front.

Enterprises: "One strategy"

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The business world looks on almost with dismay. The German Confindustria calls for 'a joint economic policy strategy to strengthen growth'. Not least because there is no longer any growth in Germany: the economy may already be in a technical recession and is set to close 2024 with a contraction of GDP, following the drop in 2023. Two years of decline have not occurred since 2002-2003, when the then red-green government led by Gerhard Schröder reformed the labour market with Agenda 2010. Germany would need an equally energetic change of pace.

A survey among 25,000 companies, conducted by the Dihk Chamber of Commerce and Industry and published on 29 October, shows that one in three companies in Germany expects business to deteriorate and is preparing to reduce investments, in industry the percentage rises to 40%. Volkswagen downsizes and so does Phlip Morris. Intel and Wolfspeed cancel projects worth billions of Euros. 'This is not only an economic crisis, it is also a persistent structural crisis,' said the president of the association, Martin Wansleben.


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