Living well with diabetes

What is diabetes and what are the differences between type 1 and type 2? What is blood sugar and why is it important to keep it under control? What are the main risk factors, including the link to obesity? What role do stress and the environment play in managing diabetes? How does diabetes manifest itself and how is it diagnosed? These are the first questions ‘to understand what diabetes is’, which we answer with the help of clinicians and experts consulted by Il Sole 24 Ore to explain, in 24 questions and answers, how best to manage what many now call a silent pandemic that is spreading ever more widely across the world and in Italia, but against which prevention and healthy lifestyles, combined with early diagnosis and therapies and technologies that are increasingly ‘diabetes-friendly’, can make a difference.The answers, in particular, have been developed in collaboration with the Italian Society of Diabetology (SID) and the Association of Diabetes Specialists (AMD), united within FeSDI – the Federation of Italian Diabetology Societies, Alliance for Diabetes. Through FeSDI, AMD and SID represent the field of diabetology in dealings with national and international institutions and the public, and collaborate on the organisation of World Diabetes Day and all related initiatives. These are authoritative voices that can help raise awareness among people with diabetes about how it is truly possible today to live well and manage diabetes effectively in daily life, thanks in part to the increasingly effective medicines available. However, as the section on ‘Prevention and Complications’ explains, this requires people with diabetes themselves to be proactive in their check-ups and in protecting themselves, for example against infections through vaccinations, but also by following healthy lifestyles and a balanced diet – which does not mean giving up the pleasure of eating. And then there are the major developments in research and the technologies on the horizon that seem to point to an increasingly easier and more liveable future, with a fully fulfilling social life for people with diabetes.